Wu mi

Professor of the School of Arts at National Southeast University (renamed Nanjing University in 1949)(1926-1928), professor of the Department of Foreign Languages at National Southwest Associated University, and was elected as a professor at the Ministry of Education in 1941. Since 1950, he has been a professor in the Department of History (and later in the Department of Chinese) at Southwest Normal University (now Southwest University). He is one of the founders of the School of Chinese Studies at Tsinghua University. He has learned from China and the West and integrates ancient and modern times. He is known as the father of comparative literature in China. Together with Chen Yinke and Tang Yongtong, they are called the "Three Heroes of Harvard." His works include "Wu Mi's Poetry Collection","Literature and Life","Wu Mi's Diary", etc.

character life

Born on August 20, 1894 (the 20th year of the Qing Dynasty), he was a native of Jingyang, Shaanxi Province. His real name was Wu Yuheng, and his baby name was Baldy. "Yuheng" is taken from the meaning of "Yuheng of Chen Xuanji" in the Book of Scripture, and is one of the seven stars of the Big Dipper. In 1901, my grandmother decided to change the name for her grandson to get rid of the ominous and enhance his physique. Therefore, she asked Yuheng's uncle, the poet Chen Bolan, to take a new name. This was a major event for the Wu family. The good wine and meat made the host and guest like during the festival. Wu Yuheng's drunk and blinded uncle wrote the word "Tuoman" on a piece of broken paper, and Wu Yuheng became Wu Tuoman. Wu Mi's name was taken by Wu Mi himself when he applied to Tsinghua School in 1910. At that time, he took out the lithograph book "Kangxi Dictionary", and on a certain page of a certain volume, he closed his eyes and pointed to the word "Mi", which means quiet. Wu Mi's word "Rain Monk" is mostly thought to come from the poem "Yu Meiren ¡¤ Ting Rain" by the poet Jiang Jie of the Southern Song Dynasty: "Now under the Hut of Ting Rain Monk, the temples are already stars."

In 1907, he studied at the Hongdao Academy of Sanyuan, and was influenced by the customs. He was the remnant of the "customs" with Yu Youren and Zhang Jiluan. In 1911, he was admitted to the preparatory class of Tsinghua School in Beijing (now the predecessor of Tsinghua University). In the spring of 1912, Tsinghua School was temporarily suspended due to the fall of the Qing Dynasty and the restructuring of the Republic of China. Wu Tuoman, a northern "countryman" who was studying at St. John's University in Shanghai, was ridiculed by some of the children of the little foreign slaves. They took advantage of Wu Tuoman to go out between classes and wrote the ironic "confused men" on the blackboard. When Wu Tuoman entered the door, there was a burst of laughter in the classroom. He looked around inexplicably and found that in the laughter of his classmates, "Wu Tuoman" was connected with "confused men" on the blackboard. Therefore, he decided to use "Wu Mi" instead of "Wu Tuoman" when making speeches in the future. In 1917, at the age of 23, Wu Mi went to the United States to study journalism. In 1918, he switched to Western literature. He first studied at the Department of English Literature at the University of Virginia and obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree. The following year, he transferred to Harvard Graduate School, where he studied comparative literature, English literature and philosophy under the tutelage of Professor Bai Bide, a leader of the New Humanist literary criticism movement. Together with Chen Yinke and Tang Yongtong, he was known as the "Harvard Three Heroes". During his ten years in the United States, Wu Mi made considerable efforts to study the works of 19th-century English literature, especially romantic poets, and wrote many books.

When Wu Mi returned to China in 1921, he was hired as a professor at the School of Arts of National Southeast University (renamed Central University in 1928 and Nanjing University in 1949), teaching courses on the history of world literature, and often comparing the four major traditions of China: Greek and Roman culture, Christian culture, Indian Buddhism compilation and Confucianism. He offered courses such as "Comparison of Chinese and Western Poetry", setting the first for comparative literature research in China.

Wu Mi founded Xueheng magazine in 1922 as editor-in-chief of Nanjing University with Mei Guangdi and Liu Yiwei. He published 79 issues in 11 years, which were unique in the old and new cultures. His views were deeply rooted in Western Europe and North America. He did not try to get rid of the old righteousness of Confucianism, so the court protested and formed a different faction. During this period, he wrote essays such as "New and Old in China" and "On the New Culture Movement". He adopted classicism, criticized new free poetry, and advocated maintaining the proper value of Chinese cultural heritage. He wrote monographs such as "Wu Mi's Poetry Collection" and "Kong Xuan's Poetry". In 1924, he went to Shenyang and served as a professor of the Department of Foreign Literature of Northeastern University. The following year, Tsinghua University was established, and Wu Mi served as the director of the research institute of Tsinghua University. He hired four scholars, including Liang Qichao, Wang Guowei, Chen Yinke, and Zhao Yuanren, who were the most famous scholars in the academic world at that time, as the mentors of the research institute, and was known for a while. The research institute was called the "Institute of Sinology", which cultivated many outstanding Sinology talents for the country.

In September 1929, Qian Zhongshu was admitted to the Department of Foreign Languages of Tsinghua University, where his father Qian Jibo once taught, and became Wu Mi's favorite student. Teachers and students often gave poems to answer and sing. However, in 1937, due to a book review by Qian Zhongshu, the relationship between teachers and students was tense for many years. In 1928, Wu Mi concurrently served as the editor-in-chief of Tianjin's "Ta Kung Pao ¡¤ Literary Supplement". He edited classical literature and invited Zhu Ziqing, a professor of Chinese at Tsinghua University, to edit new literature. In 1930, Wu Mi traveled to Europe, visiting Britain, France, Italy, Switzerland, Germany and many other countries, visiting the relics of Shelley, Scott, Rousseau and others. After returning to China in Europe the following year, he served as a professor and head of the Department of Foreign Languages at Tsinghua University. He founded the Department of Foreign Languages of Tsinghua University according to the plan of the Department of Comparative Literature of Harvard University. The training goal is to create "liberal arts". With his efforts, the Department of Foreign Languages of Tsinghua University soon became a first-class department in China.

Wu Mi was hired by the Ministry of Education as one of the first batch of professors to be hired by the Ministry in 1941. 1943-1944 In 1947, Wu Mi acted as the chairman of the Department of Foreign Languages at Southwest Associated University. In the autumn of 1944, he went to teach at Yanjing University in Chengdu. In September 1945, he was appointed as a professor at the Department of Foreign Languages at Sichuan University. In February 1946, Wu Mi declined Zhejiang University and Henan University to serve as the dean of the School of Liberal Arts. He served as the chairman of the Department of Foreign Languages at Wuhan University in Wuchang. From January 1947, he was editor-in-chief of Wuhan Daily Literary Supplement for a year. During this period, Mei Yiqi and Chen Futian of Tsinghua University repeatedly asked him to return. By 1949, Chen Xujing, President of Lingnan University in Guangzhou, invited him to the south as Dean of the School of Liberal Arts, and his friend Chen Yinke was also in Lingnan. Minister of Education Hang Liwu invited him to serve as Dean of Liberal Arts at Taiwan University. His daughter asked him to go to Tsinghua University. At the end of April, he flew to Chongqing to serve as a foreign language professor at Xianghui College, and concurrently served as a literature professor at Beibei Mianren College chaired by Liang Shuming, and settled in Sichuan. In April 1950, the two houses were abolished one after another. Wu Mi went to the newly established Sichuan Institute of Education. In September, he was merged with the school into Southwest Normal University History (and later taught in the Chinese Department). As a result, the tiger fell into the sky, and the night scenery was very poor.

When the "Cultural Revolution" arrived, Wu Mi became the big sinner of the Southwest Teachers College, squatted in the "cowshed" for various crimes, and went to Liangping labor camp and suffered a lot. The 76-year-old old man couldn't do heavy work, and was put on a high platform for public display. He was dizzy and shivering, and was pushed down and broke his left leg. Later, he was tortured by cutting off water and food. The leg injury was slightly better, so he was asked to clean the toilet.

In 1971, he was seriously ill, blind in his right eye, and had severe cataracts in his left eye, so he had to go back to Chongqing to recuperate. In 1977, Wu Mi was completely unable to take care of himself, so he had to let his sister Wu Suman take him back to his hometown in Shaanxi. Finally, he received some affectionate care and warmth from his brothers and sisters. He died in his hometown on January 17, 1978, at the age of 84. In August 1979, he was rehabilitated to Zhaoxue. On January 17, 1981, Wu Mi's ashes were sent by Wu Suman to An Wu Bao and buried under the snow-covered Saga Mountain.