Qiu Fengjia (December 16, 1864 - 1912), also known as Xiangen and Zhonge, was born in Miaoli County, Taiwan, and later moved to Changhua County. His ancestors belonged to the Hakka family family that migrated southward from the Central Plains. In the middle of Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, his great-grandfather Qiu Shijun moved to Taiwan from Wenfu Dingding Village, Zhenping (now Jiaoling County), Guangdong, and engaged in reclamation in Dongshi, Taichung. Qiu Fengjia was intelligent by nature. He was admitted to the scholar at the age of 14, was elected at the age of 25, and was admitted to the Jinshi at the age of 26. He was appointed as the head of the Ministry of Industry. He resigned and returned to Taiwan because he did not want to be an official and began his teaching career.

In 1895, the Qing government, which was defeated in the Sino-Japanese War, signed the Treaty of Shimonoseki with Japan, which humiliated the country and ceded Taiwan and the Penghu Islands to Japan. When the news broke out, panic spread across the island. Qiu Fengjia angrily summoned Taiwanese gentry to bite his fingers in bloody letters and jointly telegraphed the Qing government to protest, stating that "the people of the people have vowed to obey the Japanese." He sent letters four times and wrote in bloody letters five times to express his indignation and determination, demanding that the treaty be scrapped, the war of resistance and the defense of the country. However, the Qing court called back "Taiwan resisted the crisis in Beijing" and urgently called for the garrison troops to withdraw as soon as possible, and sent personnel to make a special trip south to deliver goods to Taiwan.

In the critical situation where the Qing government abandoned Taiwan and refused the islanders to cross into the country, the people of Taiwan had "no one to rely on" and "no one willing to help", and powerful enemies were pressing the border, Qiu Fengjia, a scholar who was extremely indignant and indignant, vigorously advocated the establishment of a "Taiwan Democratic State" with the Qing Dynasty as its main date. Together with the Taiwanese gentry and people, they independently defended Taiwan, opposed Japanese aggression, and safeguarded national dignity, the reunification and territorial integrity of the motherland. He devoted all his family resources to organize and lead tens of thousands of anti-Japanese troops to protect Taiwan. He fought bloody battles against the Japanese invaders, and issued a denunciation of Japan at home and abroad, declaring: "May everyone die and lose Taiwan, and never surrender Taiwan." "It shows the lofty patriotic sentiments and heroic integrity of refusing to become a slave to the country. After arduous and fierce battles, the heroic people of Taiwan fought more than 100 battles, large and small, and the Japanese army suffered more than 32,000 casualties. Among them, the leader of the Japanese army invading Taiwan, the commander of the Guards Division, Lieutenant General of the Army, Prince Naohisa, and the commander of the Second Brigade and Major General Shinshin Yamane were killed in the war. Due to the huge disparity in strength between the enemy and the enemy and their isolation, the anti-Japanese military and civilians ran out of ammunition and food and suffered serious casualties. The heroic struggle to defend Taiwan finally failed. After being persuaded by the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Qiu Fengjia had to cry and return to Wenfu Dingding Village, Zhenping County, Guangdong Province, where his ancestral home was. Later, a newspaper in Singapore commented: Although ambition has not been fulfilled, the voice of righteousness has shaken heaven and earth, and its reputation has passed down through the ages. After returning to the mainland, while vigorously promoting education, Qiu Fengjia actively engaged in reform, reform and democratic revolutionary activities. He served as Minister of Education of the Military Government of Guangdong Province of the Republic of China, and went to Nanjing to participate in the preparation of a provisional central government and was elected as a member of the Senate.

After Qiu Fengjia returned to the mainland, he always remembered his hometown of Taiwan and sought the reunification of the motherland. As he was dying, he told his family: "Burial must face south, I will not forget Taiwan! "The emotion is sincere, tragic and touching.

When Qiu Fengjia was young, he felt deeply about the disasters of the nation and the country and the corruption and incompetence of the Qing government. After passing the Jinshi examination at the age of 26, he abandoned his official position and returned to Taiwan. He believed that "it would be meaningful to teach scholars or write for the people's justice." He began to embark on the path of saving the country through education. When he failed to resist Japan and protect Taiwan, he even realized firsthand that "China's crisis is approaching day by day. It is impossible to save the national crisis unless we use the wisdom of the people and cultivate talents."¡»

Qiu Fengjia deeply felt that "the learning of the old days was not helpful and practical." He believed that "the old system of academies was indoctrinated with new knowledge." He advocated reforming the old education system and vigorously promoting new learning,"focusing on new thoughts and useful scholars" to cultivate "useful talents for rejuvenating the country." He completely broke the old academy's model of focusing only on Confucian classics, selected and set up rich and practical courses, and advocated the simultaneous and comprehensive development of "moral, intellectual and physical education". "After arriving at the court, if anyone drinks alcohol or is addicted to alcohol and does not obey the canons, he will be dismissed. "It can be seen that Qiu Fengjia attaches great importance to the conduct of students. In terms of intellectual education, Western learning has been introduced. In addition to courses such as classics and history, courses such as mathematics, gezhi (physics), chemistry, physiological health, and foreign languages (Japanese and English) have been added. In addition, he focused on sports and offered a "Soldier Gymnastics" course to enhance students 'physique. Qiu Fengjia vigorously reformed teaching methods. In addition to Chinese teachers, he also hired a number of English and Japanese scholars and returned international students as teachers. Teachers are required to teach themselves in accordance with their aptitude, advocate open teaching, and advocate academic contention. Encourage students to study independently, think more, and be good at asking questions, have 'opinions that differ from others', read newspapers frequently, and care about state affairs.

After crossing back to the mainland, Qiu Fengjia successively served as a lecturer in Chaozhou Hanshan Academy, Chaoyang Dongshan Academy, Chenghaijing Han Academy. In the spring of 1901, he officially established Lingdong Tongwen School in Shantou, which was the first new school in Guangdong history. In the summer of 1904, Qiu Fengjia founded Zhenping Junior Normal School specializing in training primary school teachers in Guiling Academy, Jialing County. In 1906, it was renamed Zhenping County Lizhong School (the predecessor of Jialing Middle School), which was one of the earliest founders of normal schools in our country. In the winter of 1904, one Chuangzhao School was established in Jialing Dongshan (the east of the county seat) and Yuanshan (Wenfu Baihu Village) (Chuangzhao was the name of Qiu's second ancestor who settled in Wenfu). He "persuaded schools to run hundreds" by self-organizing, encouraging others to run them, and sending capable disciples to various places for activities. Qiu Fengjia has made remarkable achievements in his commitment to running new schools and has become a prestigious educator in Guangdong Province and even the whole country. He was hired by the governors of Guangdong and Guangzhou as an inspector of the School Affairs Office, and was publicly promoted by colleagues in the education sector as the president of the Guangdong Provincial General Education Association. "In the more than ten years of his education, he has cultivated talents at most. Most of the revolutionaries in Guangdong are under his wing." Later, Yao Yuping (from Pingyuan), the commander-in-chief of the Guangdong North Expedition Army, Zhu Zhixin, the general counselor of the Guangdong military government, and Zou Lu (from Dapu), the president of Sun Yat-sen University, were all taught by the schools founded by Qiu Fengjia, and became the backbone of the revolution. Qiu Fengjia promoted the development of education in Guangdong and even the whole country.

Qiu Fengjia was 6 years old and 7 years old. At the age of 14, he was praised as "Dongning Talent" by Ding Richang, governor and school director of Fujian (Dongning is another name for Taiwan), and his poetry name has been greatly shocked since then. The poetry collection mainly includes "Baizhuang Poetry Herb" and "Lingyunhai Sunlou Poetry Copy", which was written before Neidu and later after Neidu. The artistic style is majestic, tragic and hearty.

The more than 1700 poems written since his transition from Taiwan are the most prominent ones that are worry-about and helpful to the world. They have distinctive contemporary content and reflect Qiu Fengjia's creative characteristics of "restarting the writing of poetry history." Or express their lofty aspirations to recover Taiwan and realize the reunification of the motherland, or criticize current ills and explore the root causes of social diseases, or call for innovation to save oneself and make good governance, etc. It is quite liberal in form and is not restricted by meter, and the language is fluent and fluent. It is good to incorporate foreign words, dialects and common words, new nouns, new concepts, and new knowledge into poetry, reflecting the essential relationship between social changes and language change. His poems express a unique sense of innovation and "shake for a while." Liang Qichao called Qiu Fengjia and Huang Zunxian "giants of the poetry revolution." Mr. Liu Yazi commented in his "Six Quatrains on Poetry":"The flow of time competes to talk about Huang Gongdu, and the heroic spirit eventually loses to Cang Haijun. "Most academic circles believe that Qiu Fengjia, who wrote a lot of poetry, fully demonstrated the achievements of the modern" poetry revolution ".

Review: Anti-Japanese hero, patriotic poet!