80 years ago today, on August 19, 1945 (July 12, 1945 in the lunar calendar), Bowes, the leader of the Indian National Liberation Movement, passed away. Subhash Chandra Bowes (1897-1945), an Indian political and social activist, one of the leaders of the left wing of the former Congress Party and the Indian National Liberation Movement. During World War II, he became the head of state and prime minister of the "Provisional Government of Free India" under the wings of Japan. On January 23, 1897, Bowes was born in Kutak, the capital of Orissa. In January 1938, Bowes was elected president of the Indian Congress Party. He believed that the goal of the Congress Party's struggle was to win India's complete independence, break away from the British colonialists, and rebuild India. He also believed that the fundamental task of nation-building was to eradicate poverty. To this end, a thorough land reform was necessary, the system of landlords was abolished, and the country was industrialized. But how to achieve independence? This was a question that Bowes often thought about. Later, he felt that in addition to building a party with iron discipline, he must also seek foreign aid and build an army.? After the outbreak of the Pacific War, Rush Behari Bowes held an Indian conference in Tokyo and decided to form the Indian Independence League and the Indian National Army. Soon, a larger Indian conference was held in Bangkok and asked Subas Chandra Bowes to lead. This was just what Bowes wanted. He believed that the time was ripe for Indian independence.? After Japan occupied South East Asia, Prime Minister Hideki Tojo wanted to take advantage of the situation to invade India and replace the United Kingdom. Bowes had Japanese support for India's independence, so when Bowes flew to Tokyo in June 1943 to ask for assistance from the Japanese government, Hideki Tojo announced that he would give all kinds of assistance to achieve India's "complete independence". So Bowes announced the establishment of the "Provisional Government of Free India" in Singapore in October 1943. He served as head of state, prime minister, military minister, foreign minister, and supreme commander of the Indian National Army. In fact, Bowes had become an instrument of Japanese fascist aggression and expansion by this time.? On August 13, 1946, Japan decided to surrender, and Bowes and his colleagues had to go to Tokyo. Bowes was injured when the plane crashed over Taiwan en route to Tokyo. Bowes died in a Tokyo hospital on Aug. 19 at the age of 49.