On this day, 162 years ago, on December 18, 1863 (November 8, 1863 in the lunar calendar), Archduke Ferdinand, Crown Prince of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, was born. Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria (December 18, 1863-June 28, 1914), on June 28, 1914, the pressure of the shockwave was felt everywhere in Europe when Serbian nationalists assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and his wife Duchess Hoenberg. They were both shot and killed as their car crossed the streets of Sarajevo, Bosnia. The assassin was identified as a 19-year-old Bosnian student named Gavrilo Princip. He fired seven bullets from the pistol. One bullet hit the Duchess in the stomach; the other hit the Archduke's neck, killing him almost immediately. The Duchess died while being taken to hospital. Police reported Princip showed no remorse for the assassination. The assassin told a judge that he would avenge the oppressed Serbs. There are signs that the assassinations were part of a political conspiracy organized by Serbia. Earlier in the day, there was an attempt to assassinate the Grand Duke. He and the Duchess were driving to a reception at Sarajevo City Hall when a bomb was dropped on their car. One witness said: "Due to the archduke's quick and calm response, the bomb failed to achieve its purpose. He picked up the bomb from the seat of the car and threw it on the street. I could hardly believe my eyes." Eight people were injured when the bomb exploded, including the Grand Duke's adjutant. The police arrested a young man named Gabrinovicks. They said he was a Serbian nationalist who worked as a typesetter in Hersegovia. It is said that he has no regrets. After the first incident, the team continued to the city hall, where Dagongzhuang angrily announced: "Gentlemen, this is truly intolerable. We came to visit Sarajevo and someone dropped bombs on us." At first, the crowd in the hall did not understand what the Grand Duke was talking about, but later, when they learned that a man was trying to kill him with a bomb. Many people cheered. Vogonsits-Ferdinand was warned not to go to Persia, but he ignored it. A Serbian minister said the Balkans were disgusted with the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Ironically, in the royal family, the Grand Duke is more inclined than anyone else to make concessions in this tense area. He had hoped to give the Slavs more autonomy and might even create a third monarchy in the Balkans. There seems to be an ominous reaction across Europe to these assassinations. Reports from the Holy See said Pope Pius was seriously ill and was praying when he heard the news. He fainted and had to be escorted back to his room. William II interrupted a horse racing in the Baltic Sea and hurried back to Berlin. Emperor Franz Joseph fell ill, and he said happily,"Terrible, terrible, I am so sad." "In London, the Daily News wrote: " This assassination is like a thunder for Europe." The Times of London said it made the conscience of the world tremble. The assassination ignited the powder keg in the Balkans, which triggered the First World War. The assassin Princip was immediately arrested by police The Archduke had just visited victims injured by a bomb that nearly killed him earlier in the day when Gavrilo-Princip suddenly rushed out of the crowd and fired two fatal bullets at him and his wife Sophie von Hoenberg. A Czech newspaper published news of the assassination