On this day, 973 years ago, on June 19, 1052 (May 20, 1052, the lunar calendar), Fan Zhongyan died in Xuzhou. August 2 (September 5), 989-May 20 (June 19), 1052 (the fourth year of Huangzuo), Fan Zhongyan, also known as Xiwen, was born in Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province today. He was born in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province in the second year of Duangong of the Northern Song Dynasty (989). At the age of two, his father, who was the chief secretary of Taizong of the Wuning Army, passed away. His mother Xie had to take Fan Zhongyan back to his hometown. Due to living difficulties, she remarried Zhu Wenhan, a native of Changshan County, who was an official in the local area. As a result, Fan Zhongyan followed his stepfather's surname and named Zhu Shuo. Two years later, his stepfather Zhu Wenhan expired his term and returned to his hometown. Zhu said that his mother and son accompanied him to Zhu Wenhan's hometown Changshan County, which is now Henan Village, Changshan Town, Zouping County. After that, Fan Zhongyan began his childhood here. The famous book "Yueyang Tower" is Fan Zhongyan's work, in which there is a famous sentence "worry about the world first, and rejoice after the world's happiness". His stepfather Zhu Wenhan's family was a rich local family and had a tradition of running business. He once asked Fan Zhongyan to practice business, but he insisted on learning. When he was in his 20s, by chance, he learned about his origins. He was deeply stimulated and shocked. Despite his guilt and anger, he still bid farewell to his mother, left the Zhu family and went out to study. He stayed and studied in a Buddhist temple. He cooked a pot of porridge every day, and added pickled pickles. After a night, he solidified it into a lump. Then he crossed it with a knife and divided it into four portions. He ate two portions in the morning and evening. No one else could eat this kind of hardship, but Fan didn't care about it. He focused on reading for three years, which was the story of "Duan Ji (pronunciation ji) painting porridge". As the saying goes,"When heaven is about to place a great responsibility on a person, he must first suffer his mind, work his muscles and bones, starve his body, empty his body, and mess up what he does. Therefore, he must endure and improve what he cannot do." This is true. In the fourth year of Dazhong Xiangfu (1011), Fan Zhongyan studied at Yingtianfu Academy, one of the four famous academies in the Song Dynasty. Here, Fan Zhongyan is famous for his hard study and his grades are excellent. His hard work finally paid off. In the eighth year of Dazhong Xiangfu (1015), Fan Zhongyan won the first prize. After being named on the gold list, he was appointed as the director of the Guangde Army and joined the army. With an official position and social status, Fan Zhongyan immediately brought his mother to serve her. Soon after, he was transferred to Jiqing Army as a member of the Jiqing Army. He wrote a letter to the emperor, formally recognizing his ancestors, restoring the surname Fan, and changing his name to Zhong Yan, the word Xiwen. In the fifth year of Tianxi (1021), Fan Zhongyan was transferred to the post of Salt Tax Supervisor in Xixi, Taizhou. Here, he found that the local seawall had been in disrepair, encountered the sea tide, and even flooded the city of Taizhou, displacing thousands of victims. Both government salt property and rent and taxes suffered losses. To this end, he suggested building a solid sea-defense embankment along the coasts of Tongzhou, Taizhou, Chuzhou and Haizhou. Song Renzong approved the order and transferred Fan Zhongyan to Xinghua County Magistrate, taking overall charge of the project. Fan Zhongyan personally led 10,000 migrant workers to the seaside. The construction funds were insufficient, so he also posted his salary. After three years of arduous construction, it was finally completed. In order to commemorate his achievements, people called this sea-defense embankment "Fangong embankment". In 1024, after completing the sea embankment, Fan Zhongyan was transferred back to the capital to serve as the governor of Dali Temple. Because of the death of his mother, he returned home to observe his filial piety and was hired to give lectures at Yingtian Academy. A large number of scholars recommended and promoted by him laid the foundation for the academic prosperity of the Song Dynasty. After the period of filial piety, he was promoted to the School Manager of the Secret Pavilion, responsible for the collation and collation of royal books and classics. He discovered that there were many shortcomings in the central organs of the state, and with the integrity of "living quietly and dying without silence", he pioneered the political clarity of the Northern Song Dynasty. "History of the Song Dynasty" commented: "Every time I am grateful to discuss world affairs, I risk my life. For a time, the scholar-officials are strict and upright, and Zi Zhongyan advocates it." Fan Zhongyan was demoted three times for committing direct remonstrance. The first time was in the seventh year of Tiansheng (1029) to remonstrate with the Empress Dowager. Song Renzong's mother controlled the government. On the winter solstice, the Empress Dowager ordered the emperor to lead all officials to kowtow to her in the front hall to celebrate her birthday. Fan Zhongyan believed that it was inconsistent with the etiquette system and tried his best to dissuade him. At the same time, he asked the Empress Dowager to return the government to the emperor, so he was demoted to Hezhong Prefecture General Judgment and then transferred to Chenzhou. Three years later, the Empress Dowager died, and Fan Zhongyan was recalled to the capital by Emperor Renzong of Song Dynasty to serve as the right secretary of remonstrance, who was responsible for supervising the court's mistakes. The second time was after the remonstrance and abolition in the second year of Mingdao (1033). Because Empress Guo had no son, Song Renzong issued an edict to abolish her with the support of Prime Minister Lu Yijian. Fan Zhongyan and many ministers believed that the queen was the mother of the world and that once the replacement was not good for the court, they decided to go to court the next day to argue. As a result, he was demoted from the capital that night and served as the governor of Wuzhou. More than a year later, he moved to Suzhou, and soon, he moved to Mingzhou. Two years later, Fan Zhongyan was transferred back to the capital to serve as a member of the Ministry of Rites and a member of the Tianzhang Pavilion to be established, and then moved to a member of the Ministry of Civil Affairs and a prefect of Kaifeng Prefecture. The third time was the disaster of cliques in the third year of Jingyou (1036). Fan Zhongyan discovered that the prime minister Lu Yijian had excluded dissidents and appointed people as relatives. According to investigation, he drew a "Picture of Hundred Officials" and presented it to Renzong, exposing the nepotism among officials in the court and criticizing Lu Yijian for improper employment. Lu Yijian accused Fan Zhongyan of alienating monarch and minister, and that mutual support with Ouyang Xiu and others was an act of cliques, and encouraged Emperor Renzong to demote him to the governor of Raozhou. Fan Zhongyan stayed in Raozhou for more than a year, then moved to Runzhou and then to Yuezhou. A poor family produces a filial son, and a good general is in need of a country in crisis. In the first year of Baoyuan (1038), Yuan Hao, the leader of the Dangxiang tribe who had originally surrendered to the Northern Song Dynasty, claimed to be emperor, established the Xixia State, and mobilized 100,000 troops to invade Yanzhou, an important town in the northwest of the Northern Song Dynasty, which is now Yan 'an, Shaanxi Province. For a time, smoke rose everywhere in the northwest border. Under the attack of the Western Xia Dynasty, the Song army retreated one after another, and hundreds of miles north of Yanzhou fell. Song Renzong finally thought of Fan Zhongyan, and Lu Yijian also reconciled with him. In 1040, he was restored to the title of Tianzhang Pavilion, which was to be made in Tianzhang Pavilion, and immediately served as the deputy envoy of Shaanxi Economic Strategy and the governor of Yanzhou with the title of direct bachelor of Longtu Pavilion, becoming the deputy commander guarding the northwest of the Northern Song Dynasty. In the border areas, Fan Zhongyan personally inspected the front lines. He reformed the military formation system in which generals in the Song Dynasty did not know sergeants and soldiers were not familiar with generals. He personally selected soldiers and generals, and conducted strict military training. He followed the opinions of lower-level officers and adopted active defensive strategies, built cities and fortresses along the border, and carried out border trade and recruiting people for farming. Fan Zhongyan had strict orders in governing the army. The Xixia people said,"Little Fan Lao Zi had tens of thousands of armored soldiers in his chest." After several lessons, Song Renzong also trusted Fan Zhongyan very much and granted him every request. During this period, the so-called "unauthorized change of credentials" incident occurred. When Xixia State wrote a letter to the Song Dynasty, its language was indecent. Fan Zhongyan revised it in front of the messenger and burned the original letter. Some ministers even advocated that Fan Zhongyan should be beheaded, but Emperor Renzong refused to listen and only demoted him to Yuanwailang of the Ministry of Revenue and appointed him as the governor of Yaozhou. Subsequently, he was changed to the governor of Gyeongju. He was the envoy of Huanqing Road and the envoy of border areas. He still guarded the northwest border. He led his troops by surprise and went deep into the enemy's territory. In a few days, he built Dashun City and became a fortress to stabilize border defense. In the third year of the Qingli calendar (1043), in view of the stability of the situation. Song Renzong transferred Fan Zhongyan back to the capital and served as deputy envoy of the Privy Council. Soon, under the recommendation of Ouyang Xiu and others, he was promoted to deputy prime minister. With the support of Emperor Renzong of Song Dynasty, Fan Zhongyan was the main one, with the assistance of important court officials such as Han Qi, Ouyang Xiu, and Fu Bi, to implement changes with the goal of increasing national treasury revenue, restoring national stability, and achieving lasting prosperity. Song Renzong repeatedly asked him about his strategy for governing the country and personally issued an edict to consult him. Fan Zhongyan then published "Answer to the Manual Edict's Ten Things" and put forward ten reform proposals to Emperor Renzong. Emperor Renzong of Song Dynasty issued an order to implement it nationwide in the form of an edict. This was the famous "Qingli New Deal". The Qingli Reform Movement sounded the clarion call for Wang Anshi's later reform. At the beginning of the fifth year of the Qingli calendar (1045), Renzong, who supported change and hoped to make good governance through change, retreated under the resistance of conservative forces and issued an edict to abandon all reform measures. Coincidentally, there was an alarm in the northwest border, and Fan Zhongyan requested to inspect the border fortress, so he was appointed as the Xuanfu envoy of Hedong and Shaanxi as a member of the government affairs. Fan Zhongyan left the capital, and his attacks intensified. He requested to resign from his position as a member of the Political Affairs Bureau. In the sixth year of the Qingli Dynasty (1046), Fan Zhongyan was demoted to the rank of Bachelor of the Political Bureau, Xuanfu Envoy of the Fourth Road of Shaanxi Province, and Zhizhou, and later transferred to the rank of Governor of Dengzhou. In the first year of Huangyou (1049), he served as governor of Hangzhou and was promoted to assistant minister of the Ministry of Revenue. In a lean year, he helped the people tide over difficulties and left a good reputation. In the third year of Huangyou (1051), he was transferred to Qingzhou Zhizhou. On his way to taking office, he passed by Changshan and met with relatives in his hometown. He was very respectful to the villagers and left the beautiful place name "Lisan". He also left a very famous poem "Leaving the Villagers":"Changbai was a Han Confucianism and returned to the throne for more than three centuries. The road is full of flowers in spring, and the rain of wheat follows the car. In front of the drum, the haze points to the old hut. Don't be envious of each other and teach their children to study hard." He had not been in Qingzhou for a long time. Because he was seriously ill, he requested to be transferred to a more relaxed place so as not to delay political affairs. In the fourth year of Huangyou (1052), he was transferred to Yingzhou as governor, but died of illness in Xuzhou before taking office. Fan Zhongyan left many touching stories and legends in Binzhou. Among them, the most famous monks are cutting porridge to cut off rice grains and donating gold in cellars. First, cut the porridge and cut off the porridge. When Fan Zhongyan was studying at Liquan Temple in Changbai Mountain, Zouping County, his life was very difficult. He boiled a basin of porridge, solidified it overnight, and divided it into four pieces the next day. This was called "porridge", and he ate two pieces in the morning and evening. The vegetables that accompany the meal are wild vegetables that grow naturally. He crushed the wild vegetables and mixed them with oil and salt for dinner. This was "breaking the rice". After three years of studying in Liquan Temple, Fan Zhongyan lived a miserable life of "cutting porridge and cutting off rice". Fan Zhongyan came from the idiom and story of cutting porridge and cutting off rice. Second, Jiao Jin Ji monk. When Fan Zhongyan was studying in Liquan Temple, his life was miserable. One night, he found a yellow mouse taking away his cake. He followed the little mouse and chased it to the bottom of a thorn tree. The mouse entered the mouse hole. He opened it and saw that there was a jar of gold! Later, a white mouse took away his cake and found a jar of silver. Fan Zhongyan refused to take a penny and buried them as usual. Thirty years later, a fire broke out in Liquan Temple, and Fan Zhongyan was already famous all over the world and was stationed in Yanzhou. Therefore, the temple sent people to find him and hope that he would subsidize silver and rebuild the temple. Fan Zhongyan sent him back after a few days of hospitality. When parting, he presented the host with a packet of tea and a letter, but did not mention anything about funding the construction of the temple. When the host heard that he only brought tea leaves and letters, he was dissatisfied and put them aside without opening them. A few days later, the county magistrate came to check on the disaster, but there were no tea leaves, so he opened the tea leaves and letters sent by Fan Zhongyan. There was a poem in the letter: "Jingdong has a pool of gold, Jingxi has a pool of silver. Half of them build temples and half provide assistance to monks." According to the instructions in Fan Zhongyan's letter, gold and silver were dug up. Fan Zhongyan's poems and articles are excellent, including the "Fan Wenzheng Gong Ji" passed down from generation to generation. His emperor's inscriptions are all model essays, and his prose "Yueyang Tower Notes" is a masterpiece through the ages. Fan Zhongyan cared about the sufferings of the grassroots people and wrote "Fishermen on the River":"People come and go on the river, but they love the beauty of perch. You look at a leaf boat, appearing in the storm. "Talking about numbers expresses my infinite feelings for the working people. Fan Zhongyan loved soldiers like a son and had a composition of frontier fortress poems. Among them, Yu Jiaao (Qiu Si):"The scenery in autumn is so different that Hengyang geese go without paying attention. The sound from all directions rises from the corners, and among the thousands of peaks, the lonely city closes. A cup of turbid wine has a home that is thousands of miles away, but Yan Ran has no plan to return home before he can. The Qiangguan area is covered with frost, and people cannot sleep. The general's white hair is crying." The poems are both generous, sad and tender, and the image of a Confucian general is vividly displayed on the paper.