On this day 520 years ago, on June 8, 1505 (May 7, 1505 lunar calendar), Zhu Youli, Emperor Xiaoxiao of the Ming Dynasty, passed away due to illness, and the "Hongzhi Zhongxing" ended. Zhu Youli, Emperor Xiaozong of the Ming Dynasty (July 30, 1470 - June 8, 1505), the ninth emperor of the Ming Dynasty, the third son of Emperor Xianzong, and the biological mother, Empress Dowager Xiaomuji. During his reign, he was diligent in political affairs, worked hard to get rid of adulterous ministers in the palace, and appointed righteous and virtuous ministers such as Wang Shu and Liu Daxia, so that the Ming Dynasty could flourish again. Historically known as "Hongzhi Zhongxing", he died young due to illness at the age of 36. After his death, he was buried in Tailing under the posthumous name of Datian Mingdao Chun Cheng Zhongzheng Shengwen Shenwu, the most benevolent and the most virtuous. After the death of Emperor Xiaozong, he was succeeded by the crown prince Zhu Houzhao, who was also known as Emperor Wuzong of the Ming Dynasty. Emperor Xiaozong of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Youli, was a benevolent ruler in the middle of the Ming Dynasty. His childhood was very unfortunate. His mother, Ji, was the daughter of a tusi surnamed Ji from Guangxi. After the rebellion of Ji's surname subsided, the girl Ji was brought to the imperial palace. Dignified and intelligent, Ji was selected to study in the inner library, and then was assigned to the inner library to look after the royal classics. Xianzong Zhu Jianshen once went to the inner library and asked Ji's situation. Ji's answer was very satisfactory to Xianzong. Xianzong was lucky to be with Ji, and Ji was pregnant. At that time, the most favored in the palace was the 17-year-old Concubine Wan Gui, the elder Xianzong. She was favored and proud and did whatever she wanted. Treat all concubines Concubine Wan Gui learned that the palace maid was lucky and pregnant, so she ordered someone to bring the abortion medicine to Ji Shi to eat. As a result, the person sent was kind enough to let her take only a little bit, and did not abort, but Xiaozong's poor congenital constitution was probably related to these. Although Wan Shi was spoiled and arrogant to occupy the harem, many kind-hearted palace maids and eunuchs took care of the poor Ji Shi, and Empress Wu, who was ostracized and deposed by Concubine Wan Gui, also helped to feed the baby. In the end, Ji Shi gave birth to Prince Zhu Youmian safely in the cold palace, and secretly raised him until the age of 5. Eunuch Zhang Min once combed Xianzong's hair, and Xianzong couldn't help but sigh when he saw his white hair: "The old general is here, and he has no children." Zhang Min quickly fell to the ground and said: "Long live already has a son." Zhu Jianshen was taken aback and hurriedly asked, and Zhang Min told the truth. When Zhu Jianshen found out what had happened, he was overjoyed and immediately sent someone to pick up his son. Ji held her own flesh and blood, sobbing, and told Zhu Youji, "As soon as my son leaves, I won't be able to live. If you see someone wearing a yellow robe and a beard, that's your father." Then he changed his son into a small red robe and watched him sit in a small sedan chair for a long time to recognize his biological father. Zhu Youmei had grown to six years old at this time. Due to long-term confinement, he had never cut his fetal hair, and his long hair fell to the ground. When Zhu Jianshen saw his skinny son for the first time, he couldn't help but burst into tears. He quickly picked him up, let him sit on his knee, fondly touched him, stared at him for a long time, and said repeatedly, "This is my son, he really looks like me." The next year, Zhu Youqi was registered as the crown prince, and then the Ji family died violently, and the eunuch Zhang Min also swallowed the gold. Obviously, the deaths of Concubine Ji and Zhang Min were directly related to the persecution of Concubine Wan Gui. Zhu Jianshen's mother, Empress Dowager Zhou, worried that Concubine Wan Gui would harm Zhu Youji, so she personally raised her grandson in her own Renshou official, which allowed the crown prince to live safely in the palace. However, Zhu Youji's position as crown prince did not stabilize as a result. Once, Concubine Wan Gui invited Zhu Youji to dinner, and Empress Dowager Zhou warned, "After you go, don't eat anything." Therefore, when he went to the banquet, he did not touch any food and only said that he was full. When the palace man held the soup, the young Zhu Youji thought: It's over, I haven't taught this sentence! He thought for a while and said, "I'm afraid it will be poisonous!" Concubine Wan Gui was shocked and angry, and fainted in one fell swoop. Before he fainted, he shouted: "This child is only a few years old, don't eat me in the future!" After that, Concubine Wan Gui changed her control of Zhu Jianshen's harem life and let him go to the concubines in Lingxing harem. The concubines were pregnant and could be born smoothly. Many concubines gave birth to princes, and princes gradually increased. So Wan Shi would talk in Zhu Jianshen's ear every day about how bad the crown prince was and let him change to other princes. Zhu Jianshen had always been obedient to Concubine Wan Gui, so he had the intention of changing the crown prince and immediately started to prepare. Although the ministers strongly opposed it and argued for it, this did not affect Zhu Jianshen's determination to change the crown prince at all. This time, God helped Zhu Youji. Just as the palace was fighting for the change of the crown prince, an earthquake occurred in the Taishan area. At that time, Taishan was a symbol of the crown prince. As soon as the strange celestial phenomenon came out, the ministers immediately played "Heaven has warned, if the crown prince is changed, it will definitely cause turmoil." Zhu Jianshen, who was a strong believer in Buddhism, gave in this time, and was very frightened in his heart. Therefore, he ordered that the matter of abolishing the crown prince should not be discussed again, and Zhu Youqi's position was stabilized. Perhaps it was this difficult childhood life that increased his understanding of society and life, increased his talents, and exercised his will. Compared with other peers, he appeared precocious. It is said that although Zhu Youji was only six years old when he lost his mother, he "mourned like an adult". Historians believe that Zhu Youji, the father of Xiaoxiao Ming, was "respectful and frugal, open-minded and open-minded," and rarely had the bad habits of "the son of a thousand gold coins, the pride of sexual habits, the honor of ten thousand times, seeking comfort and happiness, and hating his own past". The formation of this personality probably also has a certain relationship with his childhood life experience. After Zhu Youji, the sage of the Wenhua Palace, was made the crown prince, Zhu Jianshen paid great attention to his cultivation and education. At the age of nine, he began to "give lectures in the cabinet" and received a relatively strict education. The lectures were held in the back hall of Wenhua, and the teachers who educated him were all well-educated people at that time, such as Peng Hua, Liu Jian, Cheng Minzheng and others. From the age of nine to the age of 18, Zhu Youji received a very formal nine-year education. In addition, Zhu Youji also received education from many people in the palace. It is said that Qin Ji, the eunuch in the palace at that time, had a great influence on him. At the age of nine, Qin Ji had dictated Zhu Xi's "Four Books and Chapters" to him every day. In this regard, the "History of the Ming Dynasty" gave a high evaluation: "In the age of Hongzhi, the politics were mellow, the monarch's morality was clear and clear, the original was the beginning, and the good luck was powerful!" Under the dual education of the palace and the foreign court, the young Zhu Youji had both profound knowledge and a wide range of hobbies and interests, especially like poetry, painting, playing the piano, etc., and had deep attainments in these aspects. "History of the Ming Dynasty" has included five volumes of his poetry collection, and Qian Qianyi, a famous scholar in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, also included one of his "Yin in Tranquility" in his "Collection of Poems of the Lie Dynasty": "Xi Jingjing raised this body, and this body was innocent when it was safe. The Zhou family has eight hundred years to extend the light and zuo, and the society is in danger." In the 23rd year of Chenghua (1487), Emperor Xianzong died, and the crown prince Zhu Youqi ascended the throne. He was Emperor Xiaozong of the Ming Dynasty, also known as Emperor Hongzhi, and was an enlightened emperor of the Ming Dynasty. After ascending the throne, Emperor Xiaozong chased his posthumous mother, Concubine Shu, as Empress Dowager Xiaomu, and moved his tomb to Maoling to be buried with his father, and set up a temple for worship. Soon, eunuchs found traces of the Empress Dowager in Guilin. It turned out that when Li Tangmei was taken captive by officers and soldiers into Beijing, he once passed through the ancient tea temple (now Dong'an Road) at the lower end of the Guniu Mountain in the west of the city and slept there, and washed up in the clear spring pool below the mountain. Hearing the music, Zhu Youzhe decreed that the ancient tea monastery be renamed the Temple of the Virgin Mary. This spring pool was named the Pool of the Virgin Mary, and the government was instructed to build it by Seiko, and sent envoys to Guiling to build the tombs of the Empress Dowager's ancestors, and built an ancestral temple in Guilin City to commemorate his mother of the Yao people. On the mouth of the Pool of the Virgin Mary is an eight-sided stone carving along the well rail, decorated with auspicious and auspicious beasts. There was a common name "Bagua Well", and because of the accident of the Empress Dowager, the building of the pool is like a pool like a well. The building is surprising, leaving all kinds of mysteries. The pool is in the shape of a well, with a diameter of 2.30 meters and a depth of 7.3 meters. The upper and lower floors are all stacked with stones, and it is divided into eight sides from top to bottom. The belly of the pool During his reign, a set of wise political measures was implemented. Rectifying the administration of officials: all the lucky ministers who were close to the Xianzong were all expelled. So the officials of the Ministry of Officials, Wan'an, the waiter of the Ministry of Rites, Li Zi Province, and the monk Jixiao, etc., were either killed or demoted and expelled from the capital; those who were convicted of lesser crimes or demoted were exiled, or exiled to the border area, or Xiaoling Si Xiang. A large number of upright and capable people were used. At the same time, the law system was changed, the salt law was reconsidered, and one should be abolished. The government was corrupt, and the politics was clear and clear, and the government and the opposition were praised, known as Hongzhi Zhongxing. The most important measures on the political road within Xiaozong were to vigorously build water conservancy, develop agriculture, and prosper the economy. In May of the second year of Hongzhi (1489), the Yellow River in Kaifeng was breached, and Xiaozong In the fifth year of Hongzhi (1492), the Susong River was silted and flooded. Emperor Xiaozong ordered the minister of the Ministry of Industry, Xu Guan, to preside over the governance, which took nearly three years to complete. Since then, Su Song has eliminated the flood and once again became a land of fish and rice. During the 18 years of Emperor Xiaozong's reign, the officials governed the Qing and Ming Dynasties, appointed the virtuous and enabled, suppressed the officials, worked diligently in government affairs, advocated economy, and rested with the people, which was a rare peaceful period in the history of the Ming Dynasty when the economy was prosperous and the people lived and worked in peace and contentment. He reused famous ministers such as Li Dongyang, Xie Qian, and Liu Jian, whose cabinet was second only to the Sanyang cabinet during the Zhu Di period. However, Emperor Xiaozong was negligent in military equipment and made no achievements in the military, and did not take any strong measures against the northern border. Emperor Xiaozong of Ming Dynasty is a relatively great emperor in Because he was not only the Zhongxing Mingjun of the Ming Dynasty, he took various measures to reduce the taxes of the common people, revived the already decayed Ming Dynasty, and was also the only emperor in Chinese history who practiced equality between men and women with practical actions. Because of his mother's tragic experience, he deeply felt the danger of the emperor having three palaces and six courtyards. He married only one Empress Zhang in his life, without being a concubine or a beauty, and lived almost the same married life as ordinary people. As an emperor with supreme power, this is really extraordinary. Due to his congenital infirmity, Emperor Xiaozong died in Qianqing Palace on the seventh day of May (June 8, 1505) in the 18th year of Hongzhi, at the age of 36. The emperor was honored. The temple name is Xiaozong, and he was buried in Changping Tailing, Beijing. After the death of Xiaozong, "deep in the mountains and poor valleys, I heard all the sadness", "crying shook the field".