Guo Shoujing (1231-1316), a great astronomer, mathematician, water conservancy expert and instrument maker of the Yuan Dynasty of China. Character Ruosi, Shunde Xingtai (now Xingtai, Hebei), Han nationality. Born in Emperor Taizong of Yuan three years, died in Yuan Renzong Yanyou two years.

Guo Shoujing inherited his grandfather Guo Rong's family education when he was a child and studied astronomy, mathematics, and water conservancy. In the 13th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1276 AD), Kublai Khan, the founder of the Yuan Dynasty, captured Lin 'an, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty. On the eve of unification, he ordered the formulation of a new calendar. Zhang Wenqian and others presided over the establishment of a new calendar institution, Taishi Bureau. The Taishi Bureau is in charge of Wang Xun and assisted by Guo Shoujing. Academically, Wang Xun is in charge of calculation, and Guo is in charge of instrument making and observation.

In the 15th year (or 16th year) of the Yuan Dynasty, the Taishi Bureau was renamed the Taishi Academy, Wang Xun was appointed as the Taishi Order, and Guo Shoujing established the Observatory as the Tongzhi Academy. At that time, Yang Gongyi and others came to participate in the work. After four years of hard work, a new calendar was finally compiled in the 17th year of the Zhi Yuan Dynasty, which was named the "Shoushi Calendar" by Kublai Khan.

Wang Xun, Guo Shoujing and others have studied and analyzed more than 40 calendars since the Han Dynasty, absorbing the strengths of each calendar, and advocating that the calendar should be "the principle of the Ming calendar" (Wang Xun) and "the calendar is based on the test, and the test tool is not the first instrument" (Guo Shoujing), adopting a scientific attitude combining theory and practice, and achieving many important achievements.