107 years ago today, November 9, 1918 (October 6, 1918 in the lunar calendar), the November Revolution broke out in Germany. The German Communist Party held mass rally At the end of World War I, the German army continued to be defeated on the front line, the economy fell into crisis, and political turmoil. In order to prevent the outbreak of revolution, the German Emperor announced the implementation of a parliamentary system of government on September 30, 1918, promising to reform the three-level electoral system in Prussia. A parliamentary democratic government was established on October 4, and the liberal Prince of Baden Max was appointed Prime Minister of the Reich and Scheiderman of the Social Democratic Party was invited to join the government. These measures failed to prevent the outbreak of revolution. In October, the German Naval Command ordered the ocean fleet to go to sea to fight, which triggered the uprising of sailors in Kiel Harbor on November 3. Major German cities such as Hamburg, Leipzig, Bremen, Munich, etc. revolted one after another and established the Soviet of Engineers 'Representatives; In early November, Berlin workers also established the Soviet. On November 8, the Spartak Alliance called for a general strike and armed uprising in Berlin. Socialists who participated in the demonstration on November 9 filled the streets of Germany. The sailors mutiny and the army occupied the headquarters. Revolutionary enthusiasm dominated the German people, and Kaiser Wilhelm II was forced to abdicate and was nowhere to be seen. Across Germany, the royal family fell. King Louis III of Bavaria fled, and the Duke of Brunswick and five other kings, princes and archdukes were expelled from the castle. The Socialist Party has seized power and different factions are vying for leadership. The Social Democrats seem to have the upper hand, but they are afraid of being abandoned by the masses because the radical independent Socialists are making eyes at them. Today's events are developing dazzlingly fast. At 11:30 a.m., the German commander telegraphed to the Chancellery's residence informing him that William would abdicate immediately. At noon, German Chancellor Maximilian, Prince of Baden, announced the official abdication of the emperor. At 12:30, Berlin newspapers reported the news of the German Kaiser's abdication on the radio. The Prime Minister received the Social Democratic Party leaders in his office and handed over power to the Social Democratic Party Chairman Friedrich Ebert. At 2 p.m., the Social Democratic Party Philippe Scheidre stood in front of the Chancellor's Palace and announced to the crowd the establishment of the German Republic. At 3 p.m., the Military Command sent a telegram to the Chancellery saying: "To avoid bloodshed, His Majesty Wilhelm II is willing to give up the German throne, but never the title of King of Prussia." At 3:30 p.m., a telegram sent to the Military Command from the Prime Minister's Residence said: "There is no need to pay attention to the whereabouts of William II, because the news of his abdication was announced at noon." At 4 p.m., Spartacus Party leader Karl-Liebknecht announced: "The free socialist German Republic was born. The Social Democratic Party invited the Independent Social Democratic Party to jointly form the People's Plenipotentiary Committee and announced the establishment of the Free German Republic, with Albert and Hasse concurrently serving as chairman of the committee. The Wenbert government was approved at the Congress of the Soviet of Engineers 'Representatives in Berlin on November 10, and the Executive Committee of the Berlin Soviet was elected. On November 12, the People's Plenipotentiary Committee issued a "Letter to the German People" announcing the policy agenda. On November 11, Albert's government signed the Compiegne Armistice Agreement with the Allies, ending the First World War. During the November Revolution, the Spartak Alliance demanded that all political power be returned to the Soviets and the establishment of a socialist republic, but the People's Plenipotentiary Committee, which the Social Democratic Party expected, was actively preparing to convene the National Assembly. The First Congress of the All-German Soviets, held from December 16 to 21, adopted the decision to convene a Constitutional National Conference on January 19, 1919. Before the convening of the National Conference, all legislative and administrative power would be under the control of the Abbott government. The Spartak Alliance opposed this decision and withdrew from the Independent Social Democratic Party, establishing the German Communist Party on December 30. Albert's government decided to suppress the Communists. On January 4, 1919, the government removed Echhorn, a leftist Independent Social Democrat, from his post as Berlin police chief, which led to an armed uprising among Berlin workers on January 5, demanding the overthrow of the Abbott government, and the uprising was suppressed. On January 15, German Communist Party leaders Liebknecht and Luxembourg were killed. The National Assembly election will be held on January 19. On February 6, the National Assembly convened in Weimar to adopt the Weimar Constitution and establish the Weimar Republic. Albert served as president and Sherdman served as prime minister. On April 13, Munich workers under the leadership of the Communist Party launched an uprising and established the Bavarian Soviet Republic. The government gathered troops and invaded Munich on May 1. At this point, the November Revolution ended. On November 9, 1918, Kaiser Wilhelm II fled to the Netherlands with his wife Augusda. At the end of the year, hungry people looted German food stores. The picture shows the army guarding a looted butcher shop