214 years ago today, October 25, 1811 (September 9, 1811 in the lunar calendar), Galois, the founder of group theory, was born. Eacute; variste Galois (October 25, 1811-May 30, 1832) was a French mathematician who made important contributions to function theory, equation theory and number theory. His work laid the foundation for group theory (a term he introduced); After his father committed suicide, he gave up his career in mathematics and registered as a tutor. As a result, he was expelled for writing anti-monarchy articles and twice imprisoned for believing in the republican system. Galois died in a near-suicide duel, which aroused various speculations among future generations. Probably provoked by royalists or police detectives, he was 21 years old. He is recognized as one of the two most romantic figures in the history of mathematics. On October 25, 1811, Galois was born in House No. 54 on Galois Street in Fort Larein, a suburb of Paris, France. There is now a commemorative plaque on the front of the house, which reads: "The famous French mathematician Evariste Galois was born here and died at the age of 21, 1811 - 1832." The commemorative plaque was set up by the residents of the town in June 1909 to pay tribute to Galois, an outstanding mathematician recognized by scholars around the world and who has made special achievements. Both Galois's parents were well educated. Under the influence of his parents, Galois showed good qualities such as talent, seriousness, and enthusiasm in his childhood. His father, Nikolai Gabriel Galois, was a Liberal and an active supporter of Napoleon. He presided over a school for young people and served as the principal of the school. He also served as the permanent mayor of La Reinburg for 15 years and was deeply supported by the citizens. Galois once told his fellow prisoner Lesbai, a famous French politician, chemist and doctor: "His father is everything to him." It can be seen that his father's political attitude and the revolutionary craze in France at that time had a great influence on Galois's growth and conduct. Galois's mother, Maria Adeleda Galois, actively participated in her son's enlightenment education. A keen lover of ancient culture, she introduced her son to models of heroism drawn from Latin and Greek literature. In his biography of Galois published in the Pictorial of Pitorsk in 1848, it was mentioned in particular that "Galois's first teacher was his mother, a smart and well-bred woman. When he was still a child, she always taught him lessons." This laid a solid foundation for Galova's study in middle school and his subsequent climb to the peak of mathematics. When Galois reached the age of 12 in October 1823, he left his parents and was admitted to the famous Louis-le-Gran Royal Secondary School. From the memoirs and notes kept by his teachers about his life in middle school, it is recorded that Galois was a person with "outstanding talents" and "extraordinary conduct", but also a "eccentric, eccentric, and excessively talkative" character. We believe that this character shows that he has a personality and has long shown signs of a strong thirst for knowledge. Galois received a scholarship at the Royal School of Louis Le Gran and lived entirely on public funds. He was a top student in the fourth, third and second grades, won favorable reviews in the Greek composition competition, and transferred to a rhetoric class in October 1826. But at the beginning of the second school season (Galois had just turned 15 years old), he had to return to the second grade because teachers believed that his physique was not strong enough and the principal believed that his judgment had yet to "mature". Revisiting the second grade gave Galois the opportunity to be approved to take supplementary courses in elementary mathematics without hindrance. Since then, he has spent most of his time and main energy researching and discussing advanced mathematics outside mathematics textbooks. Galois often went to the library to read mathematical monographs, especially some mathematical masters, such as Legendre's "Principles of Geometry" and Lagrange's "Solutions to Algebra Equations","Analytical Function Theory", and "A Course in Calculus". He conducted careful analysis and research, but he did not lose interest in other subjects. Therefore, when Galois returned to the rhetoric class in 1827, his overall development was even more prominent among his classmates than his talent for mathematics. But he was angry at the content of textbooks for other subjects and the sloppy teaching methods used by teachers. Therefore, some teachers thought that he was fascinated by the ghost of mathematics, and some teachers described his behavior with the words "Calm will make him angry." By this time Galois was already familiar with the works of Euler, Gauss, and Jacobi, which further increased his confidence that he could do no less than these great mathematicians. By the end of the school year, he no longer attended any professional courses, but was independently preparing to take the competitive exam to qualify for admission to a comprehensive technical school. As a result, despite failing the exam, in October 1828, he still jumped from the junior mathematics class in middle school to the mathematics class in Richard. Richard, a mathematics teacher at Louis Le Gran Middle School, is remembered as a very talented teacher in the history of science. Richard not only lectures in an elegant style, but also is good at discovering talents. The notes he left behind recorded: "Galois is only suitable to work in cutting-edge fields of mathematics" and "he greatly surpassed all his classmates." Richard helped Galois publish his first paper-"A Proof of a Theorem on Periodic Continued Fraction" in the March issue of the French first professional mathematical journal "Annals of Pure and Applied Mathematics" in 1828, and persuaded Galois to deliver the memorandum to the Academy of Sciences. In 1829, towards the end of his secondary school year, Galois submitted a paper on the preliminary results of his research to the French Academy of Sciences. In 1829, after the end of his secondary school year, Galois had just turned 18 years old. When he applied for the Ecole Polytechnique in Paris, he laughed at Galois because the professors Binet and Le Febure de Fourci, who were examiners in the oral examination. They did not understand Galois's opinions. When Galois mentioned the exam, he wrote that he had to listen to the "laughter of the examiner." It is said that he was rejected again by throwing a blackboard eraser at the examiner's head "angered by wild laughter" or because he refused to answer overly simple questions about logarithm, and Galois remains an informal preparatory student. On July 2, 1829, just as Galois was preparing for the entrance examination, his father committed suicide because he could not stand the attack and slander of Catholic priests. This greatly touched Galois, and his thoughts began to tilt towards republicanism. Shortly after that, Galois followed Richard's advice and decided to enter the Normal University, which made it possible for him to continue his studies and provide for living expenses. On October 25, 1829, Galova was admitted as a preparatory student. The year after entering Normal University was the smoothest year for Galois. In 1828, his scientific research achieved preliminary results. Galois wrote several large articles and proposed all his works to be awarded the Special Prize in Mathematics from the Academy of Sciences. But here, he encountered another new setback: Galois's manuscript was originally handed over to Fourier, Permanent Secretary of the Academy of Sciences, and Fourier died shortly after receiving the manuscript. As a result, the article was also lost. Some copies of these works fell into the hands of the mathematical journal "Bulletin of Baron Feryssac" and were published in the April and June issues of 1830. In his first year at Normal University, Galois married August Chevalier, who was Galois's only close friend until his death. In July 1830, Galois would turn 19 years old. His first year of studies at Normal University is coming to an end. The mathematical works he wrote at this time already made it possible to evaluate the originality and acumen of his thoughts. The founder of modern group theory was the French mathematician Variste Galois, who only lived for twenty years. Born in the early 19th century, Galois received only family education before he was twelve years old. Galois submitted his research results to the French Academy of Sciences, the famous mathematician Augustine Louis Cauchy, but lost them. When Galova retook an exam at a comprehensive engineering school, his father committed suicide because he was slandered. Galois wrote a paper when he was studying at the Normal College and submitted it to Joseph Fourier for an award, but he lost it. Galois was forced to drop out of school after criticizing the principal in the school newspaper during the July Revolution in France. Galova was once in prison. Galois is obsessed with the doctor's daughter and her pursuit failed. Galois expected to have little time, so he worked hard all night long, hurriedly wrote calligraphy, sketched what he had learned in his life, composed the last movement, and noted: "I have no time." The next day, Galova passed away and left in a mess. Like many artists, Galova lived in poverty and poverty for half his life, and only shone brightly after his death. What is so superb about his theory? For many mathematical or scientific theories, we would think that even if the creator of the theory did not develop the theory, there would always be a mathematician or scientist who would develop the theory in the future. For example, Newton and Leibniz developed calculus almost simultaneously and independently. However, there are some mathematical or scientific theories that we find it difficult to believe that anyone other than the creator could develop. For example, Feynman could never have imagined how Einstein created the general theory of relativity. And Galois's theory is this kind of ingenious stroke.