175 years ago today, July 2, 1850 (May 23, 1850, the lunar calendar), British Prime Minister Robert Peel passed away. Robert Peel, SirRobert (born near Blackburn on February 5, 1788, and died in London on July 2, 1850), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1834 - 1835, 1841 - 1846), who is regarded as the founder of the British Conservative Party. Robert Peel was an outstanding figure in the 19th century in England, and his political strategies reflected the changes in society at that time. He is pragmatic, experienced, and an excellent and rational speaker. The change in his political strategy reflects that he is both a patriot and a pragmatic politician. Even his fiercest enemies acknowledge his persuasion and integrity. As a result, he is often called the most outstanding prime minister in British history, with British historian Goldwin Smith writing: "There is no doubt that he was Britain's first public servant for at least a quarter-century." "There are monuments to him in many places in the UK. Early activities Robert Peel's father, Sir Robert Peel Sr.(1750 - 1830), was a wealthy cotton mill owner and MP for Tamworth. Robert was his eldest son and was prepared to be educated as a politician from an early age. Every Saturday he had to repeat the two sermons he had heard that day. Robert Peel attended high school at Oxford and Byron was his classmate. He ranks first in classics and mathematics. In 1800 he entered Oxford University. To reward him for his achievements, his father bought him a seat in a city in County Tipperary, Ireland, in 1809. There are only 24 eligible voters in the area, and he has no opponents. In addition to his father, his other supporter was Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington. The two men's political careers were closely related for the next 25 years. In April 1809, at the age of 21, Peel entered the British House of Commons. He supported the government of Prime Minister William Cavendish-Bentink, Second Duke of Devon. and immediately attracted attention. Charles Abbott, the speaker of the House of Commons, called Peel's first speech "the best since William Pitt." A ministerial career, Peel had only been in the House of Commons for a year, when Pitt offered him the position of Deputy Minister of War and Colonies. Peel helped carry out the military operations against France under Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool. In May 1812, Jenkinson became Prime Minister, and he appointed Peel as Minister of Ireland. Peel began to end corruption in the Irish government. He tried to stop selling public positions and firing department employees because of political opinions. Peel was also the first to try to break up preferential Protestants and discriminate against Catholics. But his policies were not successful. In the end, he was even regarded as the main opponent of the early "Catholic Liberation" movement. In 1814, Peel decided to dissolve the Catholic Council established by Daniel Jocconnell. A long-term struggle began between the two. In 1815, Cornell wanted to duel with Peel. Peel went to Ireland, but Cornell was arrested on the way to the duel ring. In 1817, Peel decided to resign as Irish Minister, which made Irish Protestant MPs in the House of Commons very uneasy. Fifty-seven MPs signed a petition asking him not to resign because they believed Peel had "managed" Ireland's affairs "perfectly. Oxford University asked Peel to represent the university in the House of Commons in praise of his "contribution to Protestantism." Peel accepted the invitation. As a member of the Precious Metals Commission, he contributed to the stability of British finances after the French Revolutionary War. In 1819, he insisted that the Peel Act be approved by the House of Representatives, and Britain resumed the use of metallic money. Minister of the Interior In 1822, Pier returned to Jenkins 'government as Minister of the Interior. Over the next five years, he was responsible for large-scale reforms of the legal system, including the repeal of more than 250 old laws. In the process, he has also shown himself to be a supporter of strictly conservative views, although he has not opposed beneficial reforms in governance and the judicial system. He fought Catholic liberation, improved universal education, significantly improved court procedures, and rectified criminal law. The Banking Act introduced in 1823 reintroduced the Bank of England's obligation to convert cash into gold, which was abolished in 1797. The reform of the criminal code he led reduced the number of crimes for which the death penalty was imposed. He also reformed British prisons by paying prison wardens and providing educational services to prisoners. In 1827, Jenkins became paralyzed and George Canning became Prime Minister. Canning was in favor of Catholic emancipation, while Peel was an active opponent of it. Peel believed he could not cooperate with the new prime minister and resigned. Canning died four months later, and Viscount Frederick John Robinson of Godrich served as Prime Minister only for a short time. After that, Peel's old friend William Cavendish Bentink became Prime Minister, and Peel became Minister of the Interior. During this time he was seen as the second-in-command in the Conservative Party after William Cavendish-Bentink. But at this time, both supporters and opponents of Catholic liberation were under great pressure on the Ministry of the Interior. On July 26, 1828, Henry Paget wrote to Peel that Ireland was on the verge of riot, and he asked Peel to use his influence to speak up for Catholics. Peel had opposed Catholic emancipation for 20 years, but the letter prompted him to rethink his stance. Peel wrote to William Cavendish-Bentink: "Although (Catholic) liberation is a great danger, civil war is an even greater danger." He also wrote that, as William Pitt correctly said,"Maintaining one's own prejudices even when circumstances change is a slave to one's vanity." Although Peel was able to persuade William Cavendish-Bentink, George IV firmly opposed Catholic emancipation. In February 1829, Peel successfully got a new law passed by Parliament. Under the new law, Catholics can use the changed oath to enter Parliament and obtain public service positions. After William Cavendish-Bentink's government threatened to resign, George IV reluctantly agreed to the law. When Peel introduced the Catholic Emancipation Act in the House of Commons on March 5, 1829, he said that credit was due to his long-time political opponents Charles James Fox and George Canning. Oxford University, which elected him as its representative, therefore withdrew its trust in him, and even his brother and father expressed opposition to him. Peel was forced to resign as a member of Parliament at Oxford University, where his main reason for support was his opposition to Catholic emancipation. He changed his constituency, thereby retaining his parliamentary status. Politicians have long been uneasy about policing in London. In 1829 Peel introduced a new London Police system. To this day, police officers in London are still known as Peelers (old usage) or Bobbies (after Peel's name). Although this measure was initially unpopular, it was so effective in combating crime that it was popularized throughout the UK since 1835. At this time, there is a desire for reform, especially among the lower classes of Britain. Giving equal rights to Catholics is one of those aspirations. The Liberal Party's calls for parliamentary reform grew stronger after the succession of William IV and the July Revolution in France. On November 16, 1830, the government of William Cavendish Bentink resigned collectively. Because the Conservatives refused to take into account the interests of others, they were replaced by the Whig Party. On November 22, 1830, Charles Gray, 2nd Earl of Gray, became Prime Minister. Peel stood in the opposition camp for the first time in more than 20 years after entering Parliament. He completely opposed Gray's parliamentary reform proposals. From July 12 to 27, 1831, he spoke 48 times in the House of Commons against the proposal. His main argument was that the system of purchasing districts allowed many very capable people to enter Parliament. Peel, who was now the leader of the opposition in the House of Commons, fought in vain for 18 months against Gray's government's reform bills. After the reform law was passed in 1832, conservatives suffered a heavy blow in subsequent general elections. Although Peel himself won, his Conservative Party has only more than 100 MPs left. When Peel entered the reformed House in February 1833, he found that his party had lost almost two-thirds of its members. He united these people and quickly won the support of many Whigs who were uneasy about the results of the reforms and the connections between the government and extremists. In this way Peel organized a new party that found a compromise between the stubbornness of the old Conservative Party and the flexibility of the young Whig Party. Britain has been very turbulent in recent years, but it may be that too many reforms have been carried out in a short period of time. In short, William IV decided to slow down the pace of reform and re-establish the Conservative Party after the government of Gray and Viscount William Ram of Melburn. The first Prime Minister served as Prime Minister. In November 1834, William IV fired the Whig government and appointed Peel as Prime Minister. But Peel was in Italy at this time, so William Cavendish-Bentink served as Prime Minister for three weeks in November and December. Peel immediately decided to hold a new election. His speech to voters in his constituency in January 1835 became Conservative campaign policy. He said he accepted the reform laws of 1832, but said a moderate reform policy was needed to preserve Britain's most important traditions. The speech marked the evolution of the old, repressive Conservative Party to the new, more enlightened Conservative Party. Peel built the foundation of the British Conservative Party from the remnants of the old Conservative Party. Although Peel's party won some voters, the Whig Party still holds a majority in the House of Commons. Nevertheless, William IV appointed him to form the government. The Whig Party, in conjunction with Irish extremists led by Daniel Jacconnell, successfully opposed government decisions on many occasions in the House of Commons. Therefore, Peel resigned on April 8, 1835. Another reason for Peel's resignation was the passage of a law by Parliament that would allow the use of some Irish Church property for non-church use. William Ram, Viscount Melburn, became Prime Minister again, and Peel became opposition leader in the House of Commons. Still, he kept his word in support of the government's modest reform policy. In 1836, the University of Glasgow elected him president. In May 1839, Queen Victoria asked Peel if he would be willing to serve as Prime Minister. Since this was a minority government, he asked the Queen to show greater trust in him. The Queen refused to fire her Whigs or their supporters. Therefore, Peel refused to take office, and the Whig Party continued to govern. After the second prime minister was re-elected in the House of Representatives, Peel finally got the opportunity to form a majority government. In August 1841, Peel was appointed to form a cabinet. He once again announced moderate reforms. Peel took office again in September 1841. This government combined the old Conservative Party leaders and moderate Whigs. It was an interesting period in British history. Peel carefully began to reduce the then-high protective tax. Previously, the British government could not make ends meet. Peel therefore decided to raise taxes. On March 11, 1842, he announced the introduction of a 7% income tax. He also said he hoped the tax would allow the government to reduce import tariffs. In 1843, Peel clashed again with Daniel Geconnell. Cornell launched a campaign against the Union Act and planned to hold a big rally. The British government declared the rally illegal. As Cornell was still preparing for the opportunity, he was arrested on charges of conspiracy. Peel attempted to resolve the issue of religious conflict in Ireland by establishing a committee to study the impact of the law on Irish affairs. He increased spending on Irish chaplain schools from £ 9000 to £ 26000 a year. The Second Banking Act of 1844 was a reflection of the victory of David Ricardo and Robert Torrance's "Theory of Money" over the "Theory of Banking" of Thomas Tooke and John Fratton. This law stipulates that the Bank of England can only issue currency corresponding to its gold reserves, and that only the Bank of England can issue currency in Wales and England. This is the origin of today's two-tier banking system in the UK. The Factory Act of 1844 limited the length of time women and children could work in factories and established initial safety standards for machines. What's interesting is that Peel continued his father's job as a congressman. For the first half of the 19th century, Peel's reform of working conditions was quite remarkable. The most important achievement of Peel's government was also the reason for its downfall. He reduced grain import taxes that protect his country's farmers from foreign competition. The reason for this act of breaking conservative protectionism was the Great Famine in Ireland. The late epidemic broke out in Ireland in 1845 frustrated Peel's efforts to alleviate Ireland's problems. Ireland's potato harvest failed, leaving residents short of staple foods. About 3 million poor people who originally depend on potatoes need cheap food imports. Peel called for the grain import tax to be repealed to resolve Ireland's crisis on the grounds that it unhelpfully increased grain imports. Richard Cobden also called for the abolition of food import taxes. In 1846 Peel submitted three bills to Parliament. The first bill plans to completely abolish food import taxes after three years. The second bill would reduce all tariffs. The third bill is a mandatory measure to protect property and lives in Ireland. The first two bills were passed and the third bill was opposed by a coalition of tax users, extremists, Whigs and Irish people. Peel's own party did not support the bills, but a majority of Whigs and extremists passed the first two bills on June 29, 1846. The decision divided conservatives. Peel is a new type of political leader. He was a sincere, enthusiastic and devout low-church. In his view, politics was essentially an exercise of morality, a fact that set him apart from Wellington, Melburn and Palmerston. He also stated that fundamentally speaking, he was very concerned about the people and their sufferings in industrial areas. It can be said that he was the first true prime minister of the Victoria era. He was serious and gave people a sense of piety. At that time, the resurgence of the Anglican and Non-Anglican sects was related to his pious attitude. Peel is essentially a middle class and a child of the industrial world. He knows business accounts as well as classics. He brought the country through two major crises caused by the amendment of the Election Law and the repeal of the Corn Law. He did this at the cost of losing the support of half of his Conservative Party, but in doing so created a political situation that any astute and ruthless opponent could use against him. This opponent soon appeared. He was Benjamin Disraeli. He praised Peel's talent as a member of parliament, saying that he "managed the House of Commons like playing a violin he was familiar with, but he understood Peel's basic weaknesses as the leader of the Conservative Party at the beginning of the new era." He attacked Peel on the grounds that he was elected as a Conservative Party but pursued Liberal policies. Peel was extremely surprised and shocked by Disraeli's fierce attack in the House of Commons. He was so tired that he resigned the next day. In fact, these bills did not alleviate the disaster in Ireland. In his later years, Robert Peel continued to sit in the House of Commons, providing much support to the government of Lord John Russell from 1846 to 1847. Peel was then the leader of a centrist party closer to the moderate Whig Party. From 1847 to 1848 he was a major supporter of a government that supported free trade. On June 28, 1850, he gave an important speech on the Greek question and the foreign policy of Viscount Henry John Temple of Palmerston. The next day, he fell while riding a horse and was seriously injured, so he died on July 2.175 years ago today, July 2, 1850 (May 23, 1850, the lunar calendar), British Prime Minister Robert Peel passed away. Robert Peel, SirRobert (born near Blackburn on February 5, 1788, and died in London on July 2, 1850), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1834 - 1835, 1841 - 1846), who is regarded as the founder of the British Conservative Party. Robert Peel was an outstanding figure in the 19th century in England, and his political strategies reflected the changes in society at that time. He is pragmatic, experienced, and an excellent and rational speaker. The change in his political strategy reflects that he is both a patriot and a pragmatic politician. Even his fiercest enemies acknowledge his persuasion and integrity. As a result, he is often called the most outstanding prime minister in British history, with British historian Goldwin Smith writing: "There is no doubt that he was Britain's first public servant for at least a quarter-century." "There are monuments to him in many places in the UK. Early activities Robert Peel's father, Sir Robert Peel Sr.(1750 - 1830), was a wealthy cotton mill owner and MP for Tamworth. Robert was his eldest son and was prepared to be educated as a politician from an early age. Every Saturday he had to repeat the two sermons he had heard that day. Robert Peel attended high school at Oxford and Byron was his classmate. He ranks first in classics and mathematics. In 1800 he entered Oxford University. To reward him for his achievements, his father bought him a seat in a city in County Tipperary, Ireland, in 1809. There are only 24 eligible voters in the area, and he has no opponents. In addition to his father, his other supporter was Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington. The two men's political careers were closely related for the next 25 years. In April 1809, at the age of 21, Peel entered the British House of Commons. He supported the government of Prime Minister William Cavendish-Bentink, Second Duke of Devon. and immediately attracted attention. Charles Abbott, the speaker of the House of Commons, called Peel's first speech "the best since William Pitt." A ministerial career, Peel had only been in the House of Commons for a year, when Pitt offered him the position of Deputy Minister of War and Colonies. Peel helped carry out the military operations against France under Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool. In May 1812, Jenkinson became Prime Minister, and he appointed Peel as Minister of Ireland. Peel began to end corruption in the Irish government. He tried to stop selling public positions and firing department employees because of political opinions. Peel was also the first to try to break up preferential Protestants and discriminate against Catholics. But his policies were not successful. In the end, he was even regarded as the main opponent of the early "Catholic Liberation" movement. In 1814, Peel decided to dissolve the Catholic Council established by Daniel Jocconnell. A long-term struggle began between the two. In 1815, Cornell wanted to duel with Peel. Peel went to Ireland, but Cornell was arrested on the way to the duel ring. In 1817, Peel decided to resign as Irish Minister, which made Irish Protestant MPs in the House of Commons very uneasy. Fifty-seven MPs signed a petition asking him not to resign because they believed Peel had "managed" Ireland's affairs "perfectly. Oxford University asked Peel to represent the university in the House of Commons in praise of his "contribution to Protestantism." Peel accepted the invitation. As a member of the Precious Metals Commission, he contributed to the stability of British finances after the French Revolutionary War. In 1819, he insisted that the Peel Act be approved by the House of Representatives, and Britain resumed the use of metallic money. Minister of the Interior In 1822, Pier returned to Jenkins 'government as Minister of the Interior. Over the next five years, he was responsible for large-scale reforms of the legal system, including the repeal of more than 250 old laws. In the process, he has also shown himself to be a supporter of strictly conservative views, although he has not opposed beneficial reforms in governance and the judicial system. He fought Catholic liberation, improved universal education, significantly improved court procedures, and rectified criminal law. The Banking Act introduced in 1823 reintroduced the Bank of England's obligation to convert cash into gold, which was abolished in 1797. The reform of the criminal code he led reduced the number of crimes for which the death penalty was imposed. He also reformed British prisons by paying prison wardens and providing educational services to prisoners. In 1827, Jenkins became paralyzed and George Canning became Prime Minister. Canning was in favor of Catholic emancipation, while Peel was an active opponent of it. Peel believed he could not cooperate with the new prime minister and resigned. Canning died four months later, and Viscount Frederick John Robinson of Godrich served as Prime Minister only for a short time. After that, Peel's old friend William Cavendish Bentink became Prime Minister, and Peel became Minister of the Interior. During this time he was seen as the second-in-command in the Conservative Party after William Cavendish-Bentink. But at this time, both supporters and opponents of Catholic liberation were under great pressure on the Ministry of the Interior. On July 26, 1828, Henry Paget wrote to Peel that Ireland was on the verge of riot, and he asked Peel to use his influence to speak up for Catholics. Peel had opposed Catholic emancipation for 20 years, but the letter prompted him to rethink his stance. Peel wrote to William Cavendish-Bentink: "Although (Catholic) liberation is a great danger, civil war is an even greater danger." He also wrote that, as William Pitt correctly said,"Maintaining one's own prejudices even when circumstances change is a slave to one's vanity." Although Peel was able to persuade William Cavendish-Bentink, George IV firmly opposed Catholic emancipation. In February 1829, Peel successfully got a new law passed by Parliament. Under the new law, Catholics can use the changed oath to enter Parliament and obtain public service positions. After William Cavendish-Bentink's government threatened to resign, George IV reluctantly agreed to the law. When Peel introduced the Catholic Emancipation Act in the House of Commons on March 5, 1829, he said that credit was due to his long-time political opponents Charles James Fox and George Canning. Oxford University, which elected him as its representative, therefore withdrew its trust in him, and even his brother and father expressed opposition to him. Peel was forced to resign as a member of Parliament at Oxford University, where his main reason for support was his opposition to Catholic emancipation. He changed his constituency, thereby retaining his parliamentary status. Politicians have long been uneasy about policing in London. In 1829 Peel introduced a new London Police system. To this day, police officers in London are still known as Peelers (old usage) or Bobbies (after Peel's name). Although this measure was initially unpopular, it was so effective in combating crime that it was popularized throughout the UK since 1835. At this time, there is a desire for reform, especially among the lower classes of Britain. Giving equal rights to Catholics is one of those aspirations. The Liberal Party's calls for parliamentary reform grew stronger after the succession of William IV and the July Revolution in France. On November 16, 1830, the government of William Cavendish Bentink resigned collectively. Because the Conservatives refused to take into account the interests of others, they were replaced by the Whig Party. On November 22, 1830, Charles Gray, 2nd Earl of Gray, became Prime Minister. Peel stood in the opposition camp for the first time in more than 20 years after entering Parliament. He completely opposed Gray's parliamentary reform proposals. From July 12 to 27, 1831, he spoke 48 times in the House of Commons against the proposal. His main argument was that the system of purchasing districts allowed many very capable people to enter Parliament. Peel, who was now the leader of the opposition in the House of Commons, fought in vain for 18 months against Gray's government's reform bills. After the reform law was passed in 1832, conservatives suffered a heavy blow in subsequent general elections. Although Peel himself won, his Conservative Party has only more than 100 MPs left. When Peel entered the reformed House in February 1833, he found that his party had lost almost two-thirds of its members. He united these people and quickly won the support of many Whigs who were uneasy about the results of the reforms and the connections between the government and extremists. In this way Peel organized a new party that found a compromise between the stubbornness of the old Conservative Party and the flexibility of the young Whig Party. Britain has been very turbulent in recent years, but it may be that too many reforms have been carried out in a short period of time. In short, William IV decided to slow down the pace of reform and re-establish the Conservative Party after the government of Gray and Viscount William Ram of Melburn. The first Prime Minister served as Prime Minister. In November 1834, William IV fired the Whig government and appointed Peel as Prime Minister. But Peel was in Italy at this time, so William Cavendish-Bentink served as Prime Minister for three weeks in November and December. Peel immediately decided to hold a new election. His speech to voters in his constituency in January 1835 became Conservative campaign policy. He said he accepted the reform laws of 1832, but said a moderate reform policy was needed to preserve Britain's most important traditions. The speech marked the evolution of the old, repressive Conservative Party to the new, more enlightened Conservative Party. Peel built the foundation of the British Conservative Party from the remnants of the old Conservative Party. Although Peel's party won some voters, the Whig Party still holds a majority in the House of Commons. Nevertheless, William IV appointed him to form the government. The Whig Party, in conjunction with Irish extremists led by Daniel Jacconnell, successfully opposed government decisions on many occasions in the House of Commons. Therefore, Peel resigned on April 8, 1835. Another reason for Peel's resignation was the passage of a law by Parliament that would allow the use of some Irish Church property for non-church use. William Ram, Viscount Melburn, became Prime Minister again, and Peel became opposition leader in the House of Commons. Still, he kept his word in support of the government's modest reform policy. In 1836, the University of Glasgow elected him president. In May 1839, Queen Victoria asked Peel if he would be willing to serve as Prime Minister. Since this was a minority government, he asked the Queen to show greater trust in him. The Queen refused to fire her Whigs or their supporters. Therefore, Peel refused to take office, and the Whig Party continued to govern. After the second prime minister was re-elected in the House of Representatives, Peel finally got the opportunity to form a majority government. In August 1841, Peel was appointed to form a cabinet. He once again announced moderate reforms. Peel took office again in September 1841. This government combined the old Conservative Party leaders and moderate Whigs. It was an interesting period in British history. Peel carefully began to reduce the then-high protective tax. Previously, the British government could not make ends meet. Peel therefore decided to raise taxes. On March 11, 1842, he announced the introduction of a 7% income tax. He also said he hoped the tax would allow the government to reduce import tariffs. In 1843, Peel clashed again with Daniel Geconnell. Cornell launched a campaign against the Union Act and planned to hold a big rally. The British government declared the rally illegal. As Cornell was still preparing for the opportunity, he was arrested on charges of conspiracy. Peel attempted to resolve the issue of religious conflict in Ireland by establishing a committee to study the impact of the law on Irish affairs. He increased spending on Irish chaplain schools from £ 9000 to £ 26000 a year. The Second Banking Act of 1844 was a reflection of the victory of David Ricardo and Robert Torrance's "Theory of Money" over the "Theory of Banking" of Thomas Tooke and John Fratton. This law stipulates that the Bank of England can only issue currency corresponding to its gold reserves, and that only the Bank of England can issue currency in Wales and England. This is the origin of today's two-tier banking system in the UK. The Factory Act of 1844 limited the length of time women and children could work in factories and established initial safety standards for machines. What's interesting is that Peel continued his father's job as a congressman. For the first half of the 19th century, Peel's reform of working conditions was quite remarkable. The most important achievement of Peel's government was also the reason for its downfall. He reduced grain import taxes that protect his country's farmers from foreign competition. The reason for this act of breaking conservative protectionism was the Great Famine in Ireland. The late epidemic broke out in Ireland in 1845 frustrated Peel's efforts to alleviate Ireland's problems. Ireland's potato harvest failed, leaving residents short of staple foods. About 3 million poor people who originally depend on potatoes need cheap food imports. Peel called for the grain import tax to be repealed to resolve Ireland's crisis on the grounds that it unhelpfully increased grain imports. Richard Cobden also called for the abolition of food import taxes. In 1846 Peel submitted three bills to Parliament. The first bill plans to completely abolish food import taxes after three years. The second bill would reduce all tariffs. The third bill is a mandatory measure to protect property and lives in Ireland. The first two bills were passed and the third bill was opposed by a coalition of tax users, extremists, Whigs and Irish people. Peel's own party did not support the bills, but a majority of Whigs and extremists passed the first two bills on June 29, 1846. The decision divided conservatives. Peel is a new type of political leader. He was a sincere, enthusiastic and devout low-church. In his view, politics was essentially an exercise of morality, a fact that set him apart from Wellington, Melburn and Palmerston. He also stated that fundamentally speaking, he was very concerned about the people and their sufferings in industrial areas. It can be said that he was the first true prime minister of the Victoria era. He was serious and gave people a sense of piety. At that time, the resurgence of the Anglican and Non-Anglican sects was related to his pious attitude. Peel is essentially a middle class and a child of the industrial world. He knows business accounts as well as classics. He brought the country through two major crises caused by the amendment of the Election Law and the repeal of the Corn Law. He did this at the cost of losing the support of half of his Conservative Party, but in doing so created a political situation that any astute and ruthless opponent could use against him. This opponent soon appeared. He was Benjamin Disraeli. He praised Peel's talent as a member of parliament, saying that he "managed the House of Commons like playing a violin he was familiar with, but he understood Peel's basic weaknesses as the leader of the Conservative Party at the beginning of the new era." He attacked Peel on the grounds that he was elected as a Conservative Party but pursued Liberal policies. Peel was extremely surprised and shocked by Disraeli's fierce attack in the House of Commons. He was so tired that he resigned the next day. In fact, these bills did not alleviate the disaster in Ireland. In his later years, Robert Peel continued to sit in the House of Commons, providing much support to the government of Lord John Russell from 1846 to 1847. Peel was then the leader of a centrist party closer to the moderate Whig Party. From 1847 to 1848 he was a major supporter of a government that supported free trade. On June 28, 1850, he gave an important speech on the Greek question and the foreign policy of Viscount Henry John Temple of Palmerston. The next day, he fell while riding a horse and was seriously injured, so he died on July 2.