136 years ago today, October 26, 1889 (October 3, 1889 lunar calendar), geologist Li Siguang was born. Li Siguang, formerly known as Li Zhongkui, was born on October 26, 1889, in a poor family in rural Huanggang County, Hubei Province. He was diligent and studious, and at the age of 13 he was admitted to Wuchang Higher School with excellent grades, but at that time he did not expect to study geology. When he left his hometown to go to school in Wuchang by boat, he saw imperialist warships rampaging in the Yangtze River, and the huge waves caused overturned Chinese wooden boats. He was very angry and vowed to learn shipbuilding, build large warships, and drive the foreigners out of the Yangtze River and China! Later, he was indeed sent to Japan with excellent academic results to study shipbuilding industry. However, shipbuilding requires iron and steel, and iron and ore are used as raw materials, so Li Siguang crossed the ocean again and went to England to be admitted to the University of Birmingham's preparatory school of mining. After two years of study, he also considered that shipbuilding and machinery require iron ore and fuel, but the iron ore and fuel are all buried in the ground. China has a vast land and abundant resources, and the mineral deposits must be very rich. Therefore, the first important thing is to find iron ore, coal mine, and oil, and to master the key to unlocking the underground treasure house, you have to study geology. So he entered the Department of Geology to study geology, and also took courses in the Department of Physics. During this period, he obtained bachelor's and master's degrees. In the 1920s, Li Siguang served as a professor in the Department of Geology at Peking University. He received a doctorate in science from the University of Birmingham. After liberation, Li Siguang put forward important guiding opinions on our country's energy, earthquakes, mineral resources, etc., which promoted the development of geological work in our country. He is also very proficient in paleontology, Quaternary glacial geology and geomechanics. Another major contribution of Li Siguang was to break the wrong conclusion of "China's oil-poor theory" and find large oil fields for the Chinese people. For a long time, Chinese and foreign geologists have always agreed that "China is oil-poor". This is because the strata of the large oil fields that have been discovered in the world at that time were mostly formed by the ocean hundreds of millions of years ago, so it is believed that only marine strata have the conditions for oil generation. And China's strata were mostly land hundreds of millions of years ago, so it is concluded that China is an oil-poor country. Li Siguang does not agree with this view. After long-term research and investigation, he believes that whether it is marine strata or continental strata, as long as they have the conditions for oil generation and the geological structure of oil storage, they can find large oil fields. Under his investigation and research, Daqing Oilfield, Dagang Oilfield, Shengli Oilfield, North China Oilfield were discovered one after another. Li Siguang made indelible achievements for our country's geology. Li Siguang and Zhou Enlai in conversation