After Li Zicheng's defeat at Shanhaiguan, he retreated to Beijing.

On June 3, 1644, Li Zicheng ascended the throne and proclaimed himself emperor in Wuying Hall. On June 4, Li Zicheng ordered the burning of the Forbidden City palaces and gates and towers, and led the Dashun Peasant Army to withdraw from Beijing.

On June 5, the Eight Banners Army of the Qing Dynasty, under the command of Prince Dorgun, arrived at Tongzhou City east of Beijing.

On June 6 (the second day of May in the 17th year of Ming Chongjian), the Eight Banners Army entered Chaoyangmen and were in the Forbidden City. The original civil and military officials of the Ming Dynasty went out of the city 5 miles away and knelt down to welcome Dorgon. Then, Dorgon ordered the Ministry of War to spread the word to the world: Those who shave their hair and submit, the local officials will be promoted to one level; therefore, those who submit to the kings of the Ming Dynasty will not take their knights; the officials of the yamen and other officials will be hired as usual.

On June 8, the Qing court ordered officials and people to mourn for Emperor Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty. Later, a tomb was built and a funeral was held for Siling. On June 11, King Fu Zhu Yousong ascended the throne in Nanjing.

In October 1644, Aixinjueluo Fulin, the Shizu of the Qing Dynasty, made a memorial in Beijing to Tiandi Zongshe, that is, the emperor's throne."The name is Qing Dynasty, Dingding Yanjing, and the era is Shunzhi." ¡£