On this day, 88 years ago, on August 13, 1937 (July 8, 1937, the Japanese army attacked Shanghai, and the "August 13" Incident broke out. Japanese aircraft bombarded Shanghai indiscriminately. After the 1937 Lugou Bridge Incident was caused by the Japanese imperialists. After occupying Pingjin, they prepared to launch a large-scale attack on Shanghai. On August 9, the Japanese army deliberately created trouble and sent the first squadron captain of the Shanghai Army Corps, Isamuo Oyama, and the first-class sailor Saito Yuzo to break into the Hongqiao China Military Airport in military vehicles. After being stopped by China guard soldiers, they actually shot and killed an airport guard. China troops responded in self-defense and killed two Japanese officers and soldiers on the spot. Using the Hongqiao incident as an excuse, the Japanese imperialists ordered a large number of Japanese troops to land one after another and sent aircraft to conduct reconnaissance over the Shanghai-Nanjing and Shanghai-Hangzhou lines. On August 13, the Japanese army launched a large-scale attack on Shanghai, using warships in the Concession and the Huangpu River as operating bases and shelling the Zhabei area. China military and civilians fought back. This was the "August 13th" Incident. Driven by the national wave of resistance against Japan, the Kuomintang government issued the "Declaration on Self-Defense and Anti-Japanese Aggression" the next day, declaring that "China will never give up any part of its territory. In the event of aggression, it can only exercise its natural right of self-defense to respond. "Under the command of Commander-in-Chief Zhang Zhizhong, the Ninth Group Army of the local China garrison bravely fought against the Japanese invaders. On August 14, the Japanese garrison troops began the general offensive, and the Air Force also went to Shanghai to coordinate operations. On the 15th, Japan officially organized the Shanghai dispatch army, with General Ishione Matsui as the commander, and led the troops of two divisions to Shanghai to further expand the war of aggression against China. Determined to expand the results, Zhang Zhizhong launched a full-line offensive against the Japanese invaders, dispatched the air force to bomb the Japanese headquarters in Hongkou, and the two sides launched fierce battles. The Shanghai Anti-Japanese War was a feat of China military and civilians jointly resisting imperialist aggression. The war lasted for three months, and the Japanese army invested more than 10 divisions and more than 300,000 troops. China troops fought heroically and dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese invaders. However, because the Kuomintang government adopted a purely defensive strategic policy, it did not dare to mobilize the masses to resist Japan. Instead, it attempted to use the opportunity of the war to achieve the goal of eliminating dissidents. After making the China army make extremely painful sacrifices, they had to withdraw from Shanghai. On November 12, Shanghai was occupied by the Japanese invading army. Zhang Zhizhong was removed from various positions. After August 13, the Japanese army's attack on Shanghai directly threatened Nanjing, the center of Chiang Kai-shek's rule, and also threatened the interests of British and American imperialism in China. This forced the Kuomintang government to increase its troops and implement the policy of resistance against Japan. From then on, the China people's anti-Japanese movement was further carried out across the country. The Japanese fleet arrived in Shanghai, carrying a large number of Japanese troops and a large amount of ammunition. During the battle, some areas of Shanghai were blown to ruins. Japanese warships shelled the China Navy gunboat "Datong" at the China garrison on the Huangpu River. On August 11, it sank in the lower reaches of Jiangyin, blocking the river surface. Tang Enbo, commander of the 13th Army, and others inspected the front position (Tang Enbo is second on the left). This is the scene of China and Japan jointly surveying the scene afterwards. This photo quickly spread around the world, arousing strong condemnation from people around the world of the Japanese invaders. The circular fortifications of the China army in Shanghai and the Japanese army attacked with heavy tanks. Next to the tank are the bodies of China soldiers. The instant the Japanese Marine Corps crossed the border line and entered the China garrison area during the "August 13" Incident. Feng Yuxiang (right), commander of the 3rd Theater Theater of the National Revolutionary Army, and Zhang Zhizhong, commander of the Beijing-Shanghai garrison, were on the Songhu front line. During the battle, some areas in Shanghai were blown into ruins. The Japanese Marine Corps headquarters located on the North Sichuan Road in Shanghai. After the "August 13" Incident, the Japanese army faced China's proactive attack and defended itself here in the Songhu War of Resistance. The China army received public support. Young woman Yang Huimin swam alone and escorted the national flag to the China garrison guarding the Sixing Warehouse. She was received by General Zhang Zhizhong (first from left). On August 28, 1937, Japanese planes bombed Shanghai South Railway Station, killing more than 200 people and injuring countless people. On August 14, 1937, the China Air Force bombed Japanese strongholds in Shanghai. The picture shows the scene after the bombing of Shanghai's Zhabei District