109 years ago today, on November 8, 1916 (October 13, 1916 in the lunar calendar), Cai E died of illness and became the first person to be buried in a state funeral. Cai E On November 8, 1916, Cai E died in Fukuoka University Hospital, Japan. Cai E, a native of Shaoyang, Hunan Province, entered Changsha Current Affairs School in 1898. The following year, he was invited by Liang Qichao to travel eastward to Japan and studied at Tokyo Datong High School and Yokohama East Asian Business School successively. After returning to China in 1900, he planned to launch an uprising in Hankou. After the failure, he went back to Japan and changed his name to E to show his willingness to join the army. He first went to Chengcheng and Non-commissioned Officer Schools of the Japanese Army to study military. After the Wuchang Uprising, he planned to launch a new army uprising in Kunming with the revolutionaries Li Yuanyuan and others, and was promoted to the commander-in-chief. On October 30 of that year, he took action, occupied Kunming, established the Yunnan military government, and served as the governor. In 1913, Yuan Shikai was transferred to Beijing, where he served as the vice president of the editing and translation office of the Ministry of the Army and the supervisor of the National Economic Bureau. In 1915, he went to Kunming, and on December 25, he connected with Tang Jiyao, Dai Kan and others to declare Yunnan's independence, and organized a meeting with Yuan Huguo Army, who served as the commander-in-chief of the First Army. During this time, he became ill from work and suffered from laryngeal tuberculosis. In August, he went to Shanghai for treatment, and then went to Japan for medical treatment. On November 8, he died in the hospital of Fukuoka University in Japan. In the autumn of 1915, Cai E opposed Yuan Shikai's proclamation as emperor. Under the cover of Xiaofengxian, a famous prostitute in Beijing, he escaped from Beijing and returned to Yunnan. After Cai E's death, at the memorial service held in Zhongshan Park in Beijing, Xiao Fengxian sent an elegiac couplet: Ninety thousand miles of southern Tianpeng wings, swaying straight up, pity him for the rest of his life, meeting by chance became a dream; Eighteen years of northern rouge, self-pity and decline, winning a hero confidant, and the color of peach blossoms is also a thousand years. That day, Xiao Fengxian came to pay tribute in a blue cloth coat. When she followed the people into the venue and bowed to the portrait, she was discovered by the students of Peking University. Xiao Fengxian then walked out of the park quickly, and the students tracked and searched, but they couldn't get it. For decades after that, there were many opinions on Xiao Fengxian's whereabouts, which has always been a mystery. Xiao Fengxian, a famous prostitute in the capital who had a relationship with Cai E, knew Yuan Shikai and Cai E in the early years of the Republic of China. The former was the first official president of the Republic of China. After four and a half years of dictatorship, he failed to proclaim himself emperor and died in the people's swearing. The latter was his gravedigger. At the end of 1915, Yuan Shikai was preparing to restore the imperial system and called himself emperor. Cai E threw out the oath of "fighting for the personality of 40,000 compatriots" and risked great danger to return to Yunnan from Beijing. He organized the Yunnan army to launch a national defense uprising and went to Sichuan. He fought with the Beiyang army for three months with a few enemies, which dealt a heavy blow to Yuan Shikai and made great contributions to saving the Republic of China. Cai E and Yuan Shikai, one is elegant and elegant, the other is sturdy and majestic; the other is introverted, the other is eagle-eyed; the other is noble and self-respecting, the other is black and white. One donates his life to relieve the disaster, and the other is a thief. The story between these two powerful men is absolutely wonderful, and it is worth playing. Cai E went to Beijing without house arrest. The two heroes' meeting began in October 1913 when Cai E, the governor of Yunnan, stepped down and went to Beijing. One of the most popular theories is that Cai E was transferred to Beijing, and Yuan Shikai took away the military power and placed him under house arrest. But this statement is not necessarily accurate. Tao Juyin, a famous reporter from the Republic of China, said in "The Biography of Mr. Jiang Baili": Yuan Shikai "The new military figure in his mind, the army chief is the most suitable for Cai Songpo... Cai was the governor in Yunnan, so he naturally couldn't worry. If he was transferred to the military and political chief, he would be well-qualified and would not have direct military power and be responsible for building the army (strengthening his personal force). Cai is a taciturn person, but he has a sharp vision and profound discernment. He has not seen through that what Yuan wants to build is only an army for personal power, not a force for the country, but he really wants to do everything he can to complete modern national defense. He believes that the world is no longer what the times allow, and new soldiers are given spiritual education. Their thoughts and beliefs must be different from those of the slave-style soldiers who only knew how to be loyal to the individual in the past, so he really wants to swallow Yuan's bait and carry out his work of building an army that turns private into public. "But the Beiyang generals did not agree, even if Yuan Shikai used administrative means to forcibly resettle, if colleagues and subordinates did not cooperate with Cai E's work and set up obstacles everywhere, pointing to the east and west, not only Cai E would be difficult to perform effectively and make results, but it might even cause chaos in the military world, which was not beautiful. Despite this, Yuan Shikai still gave Cai E, a non-Beiyang southern soldier, a great honor, adding the rank of General Zhaowei (General Zhaowei is the first among the" Wei "generals, which shows Cai E's status in the general's office), entering the army and navy general command office (equivalent to today's National Military Commission), showing considerable appreciation and trust in him. If it was just house arrest, would Yuan Shikai need to absorb Cai E into the core military command structure? Obviously, the relationship between Yuan and Cai is not the kind of relationship between the strong and the weak that is generally described. Cai E and Xiaofengxian are not close. In 1915, Yuan Shikai had reached the peak of power, but he still felt a sense of crisis. He was well aware that under the republican system, party politics is the trend of the times, and his military power figure is bound to be just a transition. Therefore, the Yuan clique decided to make a dangerous attempt to restore the monarchy after only four years of overthrowing the monarchy, in an attempt to use the hereditary system to maintain its stability in the country. Since it is a risky game strategically, it is necessary to make careful calculations and act according to the situation tactically. Yuan Shikai is paying attention to the attitudes of all parties, including Cai E of course. At this time, Cai E has three options: 1. Opposition; 2. Reservation; 3. Agree. The first type can almost be ignored. Of course, Cai E, who has a big plan, cannot talk about anti-Yuan in Beijing. The second type is theoretically true, but in practice it is impossible, because the other party depends not only on attitude, but also on motivation. Reservations are tantamount to opposition, so they can only be false. Not long after the establishment of the Preparatory Committee for the restoration of the imperial system to create public opinion, Cai E signed a signature at the general's mansion to support the imperial system. But Yuan Shikai's knowledge of people is absolutely brilliant, shrewd, and transparent. He will not trust Cai E's show, and Cai E knows this well. Yuan Shikai is carefully capturing and judging the information released by Cai E. Then, Cai E appeared in the eight hutongs. Of course, the old Yuan Shikai still wouldn't believe that Cai E, who has always been self-restraining and serious, would indulge in alcohol, but he could also see Cai E's meaning, that is: You can do whatever you want in the imperial system, and I will not interfere. Since signing to support the imperial system and entering and leaving the Eight Hutongs are all shows, it is a special conversation between the two sides that is tacit, so there is no need to take it too seriously. Many people believe that Cai E and Xiaofengxian are playing like glue, and they successfully blinded Yuan Shikai with this. Although this heroic and beautiful performance is wonderful, it seriously underestimates Yuan Shikai and does not conform to the facts. The fact is that although Cai E has set foot in the flower stage, he does not go there often. According to Cai E's eldest son, Mr. Cai Duan, his biological mother, Mrs. Pan, told him that once Cai E accompanied her family to the theater, and pointed to a young woman in the box before the opening and said to Mrs. Pan: She is Xiaofengxian. From this detail, at least two pieces of information can be drawn: first, Cai E watched the play with his family instead of going out with Xiao Fengxian, indicating that their relationship was not very close; second, Cai E and Xiao Fengxian did not communicate behind his family's back. Moreover, according to Mr. Cai Duan, the reason why Cai E sent his mother and the two ladies back to their homeland was that Mrs. Pan was pregnant and wanted to return to her mother's family to give birth; the mother was not used to life in the capital and wanted to live in the countryside. Of course, she had to be accompanied by Mrs. Liu, and several children also returned to Kunming and Shaoyang respectively. Cai Gong became the first person to be buried in the state. Yuan Shikai never restricted Cai E's freedom from the beginning to the end. Cai E was a senior central official and did not do anything illegal. What reason did he have to restrict him? He did not restrict Cai E, let alone Cai E's family. Some books say that Cai E deliberately fell out with his wife because of Xiaofeng Xian, and "drove" his family back to their hometown. The family co-starred in a double-reed play. Although it was very dramatic, it was too traceable, and not only could not deceive Yuan Shikai, but it may be self-defeating. What kind of character is Yuan Shikai, who uses women and children to control his opponents, such a trick played by thieves and thieves, he will not consider it at all. To outsmart Yuan Shikai, the difficulty lies in proportionality. When everyone knows that you are a show, if you don't get into the play enough, you won't be able to achieve the effect, and it is not enough to show your position and convey information; and if you get into the play too deeply and pretentiously, it will inevitably make people suspicious. Facts have proved that Cai E has handled this proportionality just right, neither shallow nor deep, and neither warm nor hot. He knew that Yuan Shikai was secretly following the investigation, but he didn't give him any excuse to make these means public; although he held it in his mouth, he couldn't keep his mouth shut. It is time to talk about Xiao Fengxian. It is said that she has democratic ideas and opposes the imperial system, so she became General Cai's "confidant" and helped him successfully leave Beijing. This is a novelist's statement, which is not credible. Many books say that Cai E "escaped from Beijing", which leaves room for Xiao Fengxian to play a role. But for Cai E, is it enough to just "escape"? There were no planes at that time, and no matter how long her legs were, she could not cross Yunnan in one step. Therefore, Cai E's task is to have a destination to go, not only to leave Beijing, but also to go abroad (it is almost impossible to go from the inland to Yunnan), which must be calm, escape is not able to escape Yunnan. And this task has nothing to do with Xiaofengxian. Cai E's purpose is to let Yuan Shikai let himself go, to be exact, let him go to Japan, and all his plans are carried out for this purpose. Just at this time, Cai E's throat became ill, and Yuan Shikai was given three months off to allow him to go to Japan to recuperate (as recorded in the government gazette). This is also the interesting part of the story: Yuan Shikai let his opponent go with his own hands. In a more mundane way, Yuan Shikai actually entered Cai E's path. In this big drama, Xiaofengxian did not have many scenes. After Cai E's rebellion in Yunnan, Xiao Fengxian was unharmed and not imprisoned as in the movie "Friends", which is enough to show that Cai E and Xiao Fengxian are not close. Cai E's strategy is of course mainly to protect herself. If you get too close to Xiao Fengxian, once the spies use various reconnaissance methods on her, who can guarantee that she will not leak her words? At the same time, alienating Xiao Fengxian can also save her, otherwise, when Cai E raises troops in the southwest, Xiao Fengxian in Beijing is bound to be implicated. Otherwise, it is human nature to avoid involving a 16-year-old girl in a complex and dangerous political struggle, and to prevent her from being implicated and persecuted. Less than half a year after Yuan Shikai's death, Cai E also fought hard and was ill for a long time. He died in Fukuoka, Japan on November 8. He sacrificed his precious life at the age of 34 to defend the Republic of China. On April 12, 1917, Cai Gonghun returned to his hometown, and the Nationalist government held a state funeral for him in Yuelu Mountain, Changsha. Cai Gong also became the "first person to be buried" in the history of the Republic of China. (Yuan Quan) Cai E: A native of Shaoyang, Hunan, born in poverty. In 1898, he was admitted to Changsha Current Affairs School, where he studied under Liang Qichao and Tan Sitong. In 1899, he went to Japan to study. In 1900, he returned to China to participate in the uprising of the Free Army. After his failure, he changed his name to "E" and decided to "bleed to save the people". He was transferred to Yunnan in early 1911. After responding to the Wuchang Uprising on October 30 In 1913, he was transferred to Beijing by Yuan Shikai. After Yuan Shikai became emperor, he sneaked back to Yunnan to start the war to protect the country. He went to Japan for treatment in August 1916 and died in Fukuoka soon after. In 1904, Cai E graduated from the Japanese Non-commissioned Officer School. This is Cai E's graduation photo in Tokyo, Japan. In 1982, Cai E's eldest son, grandfather Cai Duan, grandmother Liu Shuyun and I took a group photo in Beijing. Family photo of Zeng's grandfather, General Cai E, in Beijing in 1915. From the left in the back row: Zeng's wife Pan Huiying (holding the three women Shulian), Zeng's grandfather Cai E (holding my grandfather, Mr. Cai E's eldest son Duansheng), and his wife Liu Xiazhen (holding the four little girls); from the left in the front row: the eldest daughter, Zhulian, and the second daughter, Fulian. In 1916, before General Cai E went to Japan for medical treatment, he took a photo with his wife Pan Huiying and his young son Cai Yongning in Shanghai. In 1915, a group photo of the generals of the National Defense Army in Kunming, Yunnan Province. From left, Ren Kecheng, Luo Peijin, Cai E, Yin Chengsheng, Li Liejun. In 1916, General Cai E died of illness in Fukuoka, Japan. This is a photo when he was stopped. In 1916, General Cai E's coffin was transported from Japan to the pier in Shanghai, China. In 1914, Progressive Party dignitaries took a group photo in Beijing. From the left in the front row: my great-grandfather Cai E, Wang Jiaxiang, Tang Hualong, Liang Qichao, Lin Changmin, Chen Jingdi; from the left in the back row: Jian Nianyi, Tang Juetun, Ji Zhongyin, Zhou Dalie, Chen Guoxiang, Huang Yuanyong, Huang Qun.109 years ago today, on November 8, 1916 (October 13, 1916 in the lunar calendar), Cai E died of illness and became the first person to be buried in a state funeral. Cai E On November 8, 1916, Cai E died in Fukuoka University Hospital, Japan. Cai E, a native of Shaoyang, Hunan Province, entered Changsha Current Affairs School in 1898. The following year, he was invited by Liang Qichao to travel eastward to Japan and studied at Tokyo Datong High School and Yokohama East Asian Business School successively. After returning to China in 1900, he planned to launch an uprising in Hankou. After the failure, he went back to Japan and changed his name to E to show his willingness to join the army. He first went to Chengcheng and Non-commissioned Officer Schools of the Japanese Army to study military. After the Wuchang Uprising, he planned to launch a new army uprising in Kunming with the revolutionaries Li Yuanyuan and others, and was promoted to the commander-in-chief. On October 30 of that year, he took action, occupied Kunming, established the Yunnan military government, and served as the governor. In 1913, Yuan Shikai was transferred to Beijing, where he served as the vice president of the editing and translation office of the Ministry of the Army and the supervisor of the National Economic Bureau. In 1915, he went to Kunming, and on December 25, he connected with Tang Jiyao, Dai Kan and others to declare Yunnan's independence, and organized a meeting with Yuan Huguo Army, who served as the commander-in-chief of the First Army. During this time, he became ill from work and suffered from laryngeal tuberculosis. In August, he went to Shanghai for treatment, and then went to Japan for medical treatment. On November 8, he died in the hospital of Fukuoka University in Japan. In the autumn of 1915, Cai E opposed Yuan Shikai's proclamation as emperor. Under the cover of Xiaofengxian, a famous prostitute in Beijing, he escaped from Beijing and returned to Yunnan. After Cai E's death, at the memorial service held in Zhongshan Park in Beijing, Xiao Fengxian sent an elegiac couplet: Ninety thousand miles of southern Tianpeng wings, swaying straight up, pity him for the rest of his life, meeting by chance became a dream; Eighteen years of northern rouge, self-pity and decline, winning a hero confidant, and the color of peach blossoms is also a thousand years. That day, Xiao Fengxian came to pay tribute in a blue cloth coat. When she followed the people into the venue and bowed to the portrait, she was discovered by the students of Peking University. Xiao Fengxian then walked out of the park quickly, and the students tracked and searched, but they couldn't get it. For decades after that, there were many opinions on Xiao Fengxian's whereabouts, which has always been a mystery. Xiao Fengxian, a famous prostitute in the capital who had a relationship with Cai E, knew Yuan Shikai and Cai E in the early years of the Republic of China. The former was the first official president of the Republic of China. After four and a half years of dictatorship, he failed to proclaim himself emperor and died in the people's swearing. The latter was his gravedigger. At the end of 1915, Yuan Shikai was preparing to restore the imperial system and called himself emperor. Cai E threw out the oath of "fighting for the personality of 40,000 compatriots" and risked great danger to return to Yunnan from Beijing. He organized the Yunnan army to launch a national defense uprising and went to Sichuan. He fought with the Beiyang army for three months with a few enemies, which dealt a heavy blow to Yuan Shikai and made great contributions to saving the Republic of China. Cai E and Yuan Shikai, one is elegant and elegant, the other is sturdy and majestic; the other is introverted, the other is eagle-eyed; the other is noble and self-respecting, the other is black and white. One donates his life to relieve the disaster, and the other is a thief. The story between these two powerful men is absolutely wonderful, and it is worth playing. Cai E went to Beijing without house arrest. The two heroes' meeting began in October 1913 when Cai E, the governor of Yunnan, stepped down and went to Beijing. One of the most popular theories is that Cai E was transferred to Beijing, and Yuan Shikai took away the military power and placed him under house arrest. But this statement is not necessarily accurate. Tao Juyin, a famous reporter from the Republic of China, said in "The Biography of Mr. Jiang Baili": Yuan Shikai "The new military figure in his mind, the army chief is the most suitable for Cai Songpo... Cai was the governor in Yunnan, so he naturally couldn't worry. If he was transferred to the military and political chief, he would be well-qualified and would not have direct military power and be responsible for building the army (strengthening his personal force). Cai is a taciturn person, but he has a sharp vision and profound discernment. He has not seen through that what Yuan wants to build is only an army for personal power, not a force for the country, but he really wants to do everything he can to complete modern national defense. He believes that the world is no longer what the times allow, and new soldiers are given spiritual education. Their thoughts and beliefs must be different from those of the slave-style soldiers who only knew how to be loyal to the individual in the past, so he really wants to swallow Yuan's bait and carry out his work of building an army that turns private into public. "But the Beiyang generals did not agree, even if Yuan Shikai used administrative means to forcibly resettle, if colleagues and subordinates did not cooperate with Cai E's work and set up obstacles everywhere, pointing to the east and west, not only Cai E would be difficult to perform effectively and make results, but it might even cause chaos in the military world, which was not beautiful. Despite this, Yuan Shikai still gave Cai E, a non-Beiyang southern soldier, a great honor, adding the rank of General Zhaowei (General Zhaowei is the first among the" Wei "generals, which shows Cai E's status in the general's office), entering the army and navy general command office (equivalent to today's National Military Commission), showing considerable appreciation and trust in him. If it was just house arrest, would Yuan Shikai need to absorb Cai E into the core military command structure? Obviously, the relationship between Yuan and Cai is not the kind of relationship between the strong and the weak that is generally described. Cai E and Xiaofengxian are not close. In 1915, Yuan Shikai had reached the peak of power, but he still felt a sense of crisis. He was well aware that under the republican system, party politics is the trend of the times, and his military power figure is bound to be just a transition. Therefore, the Yuan clique decided to make a dangerous attempt to restore the monarchy after only four years of overthrowing the monarchy, in an attempt to use the hereditary system to maintain its stability in the country. Since it is a risky game strategically, it is necessary to make careful calculations and act according to the situation tactically. Yuan Shikai is paying attention to the attitudes of all parties, including Cai E of course. At this time, Cai E has three options: 1. Opposition; 2. Reservation; 3. Agree. The first type can almost be ignored. Of course, Cai E, who has a big plan, cannot talk about anti-Yuan in Beijing. The second type is theoretically true, but in practice it is impossible, because the other party depends not only on attitude, but also on motivation. Reservations are tantamount to opposition, so they can only be false. Not long after the establishment of the Preparatory Committee for the restoration of the imperial system to create public opinion, Cai E signed a signature at the general's mansion to support the imperial system. But Yuan Shikai's knowledge of people is absolutely brilliant, shrewd, and transparent. He will not trust Cai E's show, and Cai E knows this well. Yuan Shikai is carefully capturing and judging the information released by Cai E. Then, Cai E appeared in the eight hutongs. Of course, the old Yuan Shikai still wouldn't believe that Cai E, who has always been self-restraining and serious, would indulge in alcohol, but he could also see Cai E's meaning, that is: You can do whatever you want in the imperial system, and I will not interfere. Since signing to support the imperial system and entering and leaving the Eight Hutongs are all shows, it is a special conversation between the two sides that is tacit, so there is no need to take it too seriously. Many people believe that Cai E and Xiaofengxian are playing like glue, and they successfully blinded Yuan Shikai with this. Although this heroic and beautiful performance is wonderful, it seriously underestimates Yuan Shikai and does not conform to the facts. The fact is that although Cai E has set foot in the flower stage, he does not go there often. According to Cai E's eldest son, Mr. Cai Duan, his biological mother, Mrs. Pan, told him that once Cai E accompanied her family to the theater, and pointed to a young woman in the box before the opening and said to Mrs. Pan: She is Xiaofengxian. From this detail, at least two pieces of information can be drawn: first, Cai E watched the play with his family instead of going out with Xiao Fengxian, indicating that their relationship was not very close; second, Cai E and Xiao Fengxian did not communicate behind his family's back. Moreover, according to Mr. Cai Duan, the reason why Cai E sent his mother and the two ladies back to their homeland was that Mrs. Pan was pregnant and wanted to return to her mother's family to give birth; the mother was not used to life in the capital and wanted to live in the countryside. Of course, she had to be accompanied by Mrs. Liu, and several children also returned to Kunming and Shaoyang respectively. Cai Gong became the first person to be buried in the state. Yuan Shikai never restricted Cai E's freedom from the beginning to the end. Cai E was a senior central official and did not do anything illegal. What reason did he have to restrict him? He did not restrict Cai E, let alone Cai E's family. Some books say that Cai E deliberately fell out with his wife because of Xiaofeng Xian, and "drove" his family back to their hometown. The family co-starred in a double-reed play. Although it was very dramatic, it was too traceable, and not only could not deceive Yuan Shikai, but it may be self-defeating. What kind of character is Yuan Shikai, who uses women and children to control his opponents, such a trick played by thieves and thieves, he will not consider it at all. To outsmart Yuan Shikai, the difficulty lies in proportionality. When everyone knows that you are a show, if you don't get into the play enough, you won't be able to achieve the effect, and it is not enough to show your position and convey information; and if you get into the play too deeply and pretentiously, it will inevitably make people suspicious. Facts have proved that Cai E has handled this proportionality just right, neither shallow nor deep, and neither warm nor hot. He knew that Yuan Shikai was secretly following the investigation, but he didn't give him any excuse to make these means public; although he held it in his mouth, he couldn't keep his mouth shut. It is time to talk about Xiao Fengxian. It is said that she has democratic ideas and opposes the imperial system, so she became General Cai's "confidant" and helped him successfully leave Beijing. This is a novelist's statement, which is not credible. Many books say that Cai E "escaped from Beijing", which leaves room for Xiao Fengxian to play a role. But for Cai E, is it enough to just "escape"? There were no planes at that time, and no matter how long her legs were, she could not cross Yunnan in one step. Therefore, Cai E's task is to have a destination to go, not only to leave Beijing, but also to go abroad (it is almost impossible to go from the inland to Yunnan), which must be calm, escape is not able to escape Yunnan. And this task has nothing to do with Xiaofengxian. Cai E's purpose is to let Yuan Shikai let himself go, to be exact, let him go to Japan, and all his plans are carried out for this purpose. Just at this time, Cai E's throat became ill, and Yuan Shikai was given three months off to allow him to go to Japan to recuperate (as recorded in the government gazette). This is also the interesting part of the story: Yuan Shikai let his opponent go with his own hands. In a more mundane way, Yuan Shikai actually entered Cai E's path. In this big drama, Xiaofengxian did not have many scenes. After Cai E's rebellion in Yunnan, Xiao Fengxian was unharmed and not imprisoned as in the movie "Friends", which is enough to show that Cai E and Xiao Fengxian are not close. Cai E's strategy is of course mainly to protect herself. If you get too close to Xiao Fengxian, once the spies use various reconnaissance methods on her, who can guarantee that she will not leak her words? At the same time, alienating Xiao Fengxian can also save her, otherwise, when Cai E raises troops in the southwest, Xiao Fengxian in Beijing is bound to be implicated. Otherwise, it is human nature to avoid involving a 16-year-old girl in a complex and dangerous political struggle, and to prevent her from being implicated and persecuted. Less than half a year after Yuan Shikai's death, Cai E also fought hard and was ill for a long time. He died in Fukuoka, Japan on November 8. He sacrificed his precious life at the age of 34 to defend the Republic of China. On April 12, 1917, Cai Gonghun returned to his hometown, and the Nationalist government held a state funeral for him in Yuelu Mountain, Changsha. Cai Gong also became the "first person to be buried" in the history of the Republic of China. (Yuan Quan) Cai E: A native of Shaoyang, Hunan, born in poverty. In 1898, he was admitted to Changsha Current Affairs School, where he studied under Liang Qichao and Tan Sitong. In 1899, he went to Japan to study. In 1900, he returned to China to participate in the uprising of the Free Army. After his failure, he changed his name to "E" and decided to "bleed to save the people". He was transferred to Yunnan in early 1911. After responding to the Wuchang Uprising on October 30 In 1913, he was transferred to Beijing by Yuan Shikai. After Yuan Shikai became emperor, he sneaked back to Yunnan to start the war to protect the country. He went to Japan for treatment in August 1916 and died in Fukuoka soon after. In 1904, Cai E graduated from the Japanese Non-commissioned Officer School. This is Cai E's graduation photo in Tokyo, Japan. In 1982, Cai E's eldest son, grandfather Cai Duan, grandmother Liu Shuyun and I took a group photo in Beijing. Family photo of Zeng's grandfather, General Cai E, in Beijing in 1915. From the left in the back row: Zeng's wife Pan Huiying (holding the three women Shulian), Zeng's grandfather Cai E (holding my grandfather, Mr. Cai E's eldest son Duansheng), and his wife Liu Xiazhen (holding the four little girls); from the left in the front row: the eldest daughter, Zhulian, and the second daughter, Fulian. In 1916, before General Cai E went to Japan for medical treatment, he took a photo with his wife Pan Huiying and his young son Cai Yongning in Shanghai. In 1915, a group photo of the generals of the National Defense Army in Kunming, Yunnan Province. From left, Ren Kecheng, Luo Peijin, Cai E, Yin Chengsheng, Li Liejun. In 1916, General Cai E died of illness in Fukuoka, Japan. This is a photo when he was stopped. In 1916, General Cai E's coffin was transported from Japan to the pier in Shanghai, China. In 1914, Progressive Party dignitaries took a group photo in Beijing. From the left in the front row: my great-grandfather Cai E, Wang Jiaxiang, Tang Hualong, Liang Qichao, Lin Changmin, Chen Jingdi; from the left in the back row: Jian Nianyi, Tang Juetun, Ji Zhongyin, Zhou Dalie, Chen Guoxiang, Huang Yuanyong, Huang Qun.