On September 10, 2002 (August 4, 2002 in the lunar calendar), our country had the "Maritime Land Certificate". On September 10, 2002, with the approval of the State Council, the State Oceanic Administration issued the "National Marine Functional Zoning" in Beijing. The State Council stressed in the approval that marine functional zoning is the basis for the management of sea areas and marine environmental protection in our country, and has legal effect and must be strictly implemented. Wang Fei, a spokesperson for the State Oceanic Administration, said that in the future, all projects using the sea must first be submitted for approval and review, and only those that meet the functional zoning can obtain a sea area use certificate, which is equivalent to a land use certificate on land. Marine functional zoning divides sea areas into different types of functional areas according to the requirements of sea area location, natural resources, environmental conditions and development and utilization, so that the use direction of sea areas can be controlled and guided, and the marine ecological environment can be protected and improved. The National Marine Functional Zoning delineates 10 major marine functional areas under the jurisdiction of our country, including port shipping areas, fishery resource utilization and conservation areas, tourist areas, seawater resource utilization areas, engineering sea areas, marine protected areas, special utilization areas, and reserved areas. It determines the main functions of 30 key sea areas in the four major sea areas of the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea, and the South China Sea, and puts forward the development and protection priorities and management requirements of each marine functional area. As of 2000, our country has over 2 million hectares of sea area, including over 1.2 million hectares of marine aquaculture, over 400,000 hectares of salt fields, over 200,000 hectares of ports, over 200,000 hectares of oil and gas exploitation, 2,000 hectares of marine dumping areas, and over 13,500 kilometers of submarine cable pipelines. In addition, our country has established 69 marine nature reserves with a total area of over 1.3 million hectares.