Napoleon Bonaparte (1769.8.15~1821.5.5), the first ruler of the First French Republic (1799 - 1804), the emperor of the First French Empire and the Hundred Days Dynasty (1804 - 1814, 1815), a militarist, and politician, once occupied most of the territory of Western and Central Europe. A famous military strategist and politician in the modern history of the French Republic.

In August 1802, the eight-year Constitution of the Republic was revised to govern for life. On November 6, 1804, a referendum passed the Constitution of the 12th Year of the Republic, and the French Republic was changed to the French Empire. Napoleon Bonaparte was the emperor of the French, known as Napoleon I. On December 2, he was not crowned by Pope Pius VII. Instead, he put the crown on his head himself and then crowned his wife Josephine Beauarnet as queen. A year later, he was crowned King of Italy by the Pope in Italy.

On June 18, 1815, Napoleon's army was completely annihilated at the Battle of Waterloo, Belgium, and he formally surrendered on July 15. The First French Empire fell and Louis XVIII was restored again. Napoleon was exiled to St. Helena. On May 5, 1821, Napoleon died on the island.