114 years ago today, on September 20th, 1911 (July 28th, 1911 in the lunar calendar), Hurd, the representative of modern British invasion of China, died. On September 20th, 1911 (the third year of Xuantong), Hurd, the representative of modern British invasion of China, died. Hurd, word Lubin. The British. B. 1835. He came to China in 1854 (the fourth year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty) and served as an interpreter at the British Consulate in Ningbo the following year. In 1858, he was transferred to the translator of Guangzhou Consulate and secretary of the "Three-Member Committee" occupied Guangzhou by British and French allied forces. The following year, he was transferred to the Deputy Taxation Department of Guangdong Customs. In 1861, he acted as the General Taxation Department of China Customs, and officially assumed this post in 1863 (the second year of Tongzhi). Hurd personally formulated the customs system managed by outsiders, controlled China's fiscal revenue, intervened in China's internal affairs and foreign affairs, and expanded the aggressive forces of great powers, especially Britain. In 1865, he first submitted "The Theory of Outsiders" to the Prime Minister's yamen, asking the Qing government to strictly abide by the unequal treaties. In 1876 (the second year of Guangxu), he served as Li Hongzhang's assistant, participated in the negotiations on the murder of British Ma Jiali, and contributed to the Yantai Treaty, which made Britain profitable a lot. During the Sino-French War, the Qing government won the power to negotiate peace and secretly helped France. When the Xin-Chou Treaty was concluded in 1901, it cooperated with the foreign powers to coerce the Qing government to accept all the conditions of aggression. In 1908, he asked for leave to return to China, resigned until his death, and controlled Chinese customs for half a century.