On this day, 108 years ago, November 7, 1917 (September 23, 1917, the Russian October Revolution broke out. On November 6, 1917, revolutionary gunshots were fired in Petrograd. On November 7, 1917, the October Revolution in Russia broke out in full swing. After the outbreak of the First World War, the Russian revolutionary situation quickly matured. In February 1917, the second bourgeois democratic revolution broke out in Russia, overthrowing the tsarist system, but the situation in which the bourgeois provisional government and the Soldiers 'Representative Soviet existed side by side. In April, Lenin returned from abroad and published the "April Outline", proposing the task of transitioning from the bourgeois democratic revolution to the socialist revolution. According to Lenin's instructions, the Bolshevik Party actively carried out propaganda among the masses and led workers and soldiers to hold demonstrations on many occasions. In September and October, the revolutionary situation was fully mature, and the liberation movement reached an unprecedented level. The provisional government attempted to pre-emptively prevent the Bolshevik Party from launching an armed uprising. On November 2, the provisional government sent cadets to occupy Petrograd's most important strongholds and tried to close the Bolshevik Party's Workers 'Route and Soldier newspapers, searched for Bolshevik Party leaders everywhere, cut off the Petrograd Soviet and the workers' areas. Telephone contact, secretly ordered the commander of the Petrograd Army Division to send troops to attack Smolny Palace, the seat of the Revolutionary Military Council. On November 6, Lenin wrote to the Party Central Committee, demanding that provisional government personnel be arrested and non-commissioned officers and cadets disarmed that night in any case. According to Lenin's instructions, the Bolshevik Party decided to hold an armed uprising ahead of schedule on November 6 (October 24 of the Russian calendar). By this time, the soldiers of the Petrograd garrison and the Red Guards of sailors and workers from Kronstadt had transferred to the leadership of the Bolshevik Party. Late at night, Lenin came to the Smolny Palace and personally led the armed uprising. From the night of November 6th to the morning of the 7th, the Workers 'Red Guards, revolutionary soldiers and sailors, under the leadership of the Bolshevik Party, quickly occupied strategic locations such as Petrograd's main bridges, railway stations, postal and telecommunications offices, national banks and government agencies; At 9 a.m. on the 7th, they occupied the main road leading to the Winter Palace, the seat of the interim government. Prime Minister Kerensky disguised himself and fled in a car belonging to the US Embassy. At 5 p.m., the uprising workers and soldiers surrounded the Winter Palace. The Revolutionary Military Council ordered the interim government to surrender unconditionally before 6:20, but the interim government relied on the front line to bring back reinforcements and resisted stubbornly. At 9:45, the cruiser "Avril" anchored on the Neva River signaled the beginning of the general attack on the Winter Palace with air artillery fire; Then, the Red Guards and revolutionary soldiers launched a general attack on the Winter Palace, engaging the enemy in close combat on the 117 marble stairs in front of the Winter Palace and in the 105 rooms of the Winter Palace, and launching hand-to-hand combat. By 2 a.m. on the 8th, all the Winter Palace had been captured and all sixteen ministers of the interim government had been arrested. At the same time, late at night on November 7, the Second Congress of the All-Russian Engineers Soviet was held at the Smolny Palace. On November 8, the meeting adopted and announced the "Letter to Workers, Soldiers and Peasants", the "Peace Decree" and the "Land Decree" drafted by Lenin. The Peace Decree recommended to the warring governments and peoples to end the war and conclude a peace treaty without ceding territory or compensation. The Land Decree stipulates that private ownership of land by landlords should be abolished, national land ownership should be implemented, and land should be allocated to working farmers for cultivation. The meeting solemnly declared that all political power would be returned to the Soviet and elected and established the People's Committee, the provisional government of workers and peasants. Lenin was elected chairman of the People's Committee. The People's Committee is composed of thirteen People's Commissioners: Internal Affairs, Agriculture, Labor, Army and Navy, Industry and Commerce, Education, Finance, Foreign Affairs, Justice, Food, Posts and Telecommunications, Ethnic Affairs, and Railways. From November 7 to 16, Soviet power was established in Moscow. From November 1917 to February and March 1918, Soviet power was established across the country, first from cities and then to villages. The October Revolution established the economic foundation of socialism and established the Supreme National Economic Council as the national economic management agency. Establish the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army, Workers 'Police and People's Court. Establish the Soviet organs of Engineers and Farmers 'Representatives and various People's Commissar Departments. In January 1918, the Third Congress of the All-Russian Soviets was held, approved the Declaration on the Rights of Exploited Working People, and officially declared Russia a Soviet Republic of Engineers and Farmers Representatives. Working people become masters of the country. The nationalization of land, the elimination of ethnic oppression, the abolition of hierarchical divisions, hierarchical privileges and hierarchical restrictions, the abolition of discrimination and oppression against women, and the declaration of all residents as citizens, ensuring the leadership of the proletariat over the country and education. The October Revolution produced the world's first country under the dictatorship of the proletariat, opening up a new era of world proletarian revolution and a new era of national democratic revolution in colonial and semi-colonies under the leadership of the proletariat. After the October Revolution, the struggle for liberation among the proletariat, oppressed people, and oppressed nations in various countries flourished.