On this day 63 years ago, on August 6, 1962 (July 7, 1962 lunar calendar), Jamaica became independent. The word "Jamaica" means "Island of Springs" in the Indian Arawak language. Named for the lush aquatic plants and rich groundwater sources on the island. Country of Blue Mountains, Island of Springs. 10,991 square kilometers. Located in the northwest of the Caribbean Sea, across the Jamaica Strait to the east and Haiti, about 140 kilometers north of Cuba. It is the third largest island in the Caribbean. The coastline is 1,220 kilometers long. It has a tropical rainforest climate with an average annual temperature of 27 ° C. Jamaica Island is the third largest island in the West Indies, with a coastline of 1220 kilometers. The terrain is dominated by plateau mountains. The eastern Blue Mountains are more than 1800 meters above sea level. The highest peak of the Blue Mountains is 2256 meters above sea level. There are narrow plains along the coast, many waterfalls and hot springs. Tropical rainforest climate, with annual precipitation of 2000 mm, there are bauxite, gypsum, copper, iron and other minerals. Columbus discovered this and landed ashore when he visited America for the second time in 1494. Since that day was St. James' Day, it was named St. James' Island. But the place name did not spread, and this beautiful island continued to use Indian names. The first settlers in Jamaica were the Arawak Indians, who called it "the land of forests and waters". Jamaica became a Spanish colony in 1509. It was occupied by the British in 1655. It became a British Crown Colony in 1866. Joined the British patchwork Union of the West Indies in 1958. Internal self-rule was implemented in 1959. It withdrew from the Union in 1961 and became independent on August 6, 1962. After the Spanish occupied Jamaica in 1510, the native population was wiped out and black slaves began to be imported. Most of today's Jamaicans are descendants of these black slaves or those introduced under British rule later. Jamaica combines African exoticism, Spanish flamboyance, Indian and Chinese mysticism, and a wealth of British traditions to create a unique and passionate people without borders. Jamaica has a 2.37 million population, 90% of whom are black. The main religion is Christianity. The official and lingua franca is English. Jamaica is a major tourist destination in the Caribbean region, receiving nearly 1 million tourists every year. She has thousands of scenery and 10,000 kinds of scenery on a land of 10,992 square kilometers. Comments: A charming Caribbean country, the motherland of Bolt, the 100m champion of the 2008 Olympic Games.