On this day, 78 years ago, on December 23, 1947 (November 12, 1947 in the lunar calendar), transistors were introduced. On December 23, 1947, American scientists Dr. Bardin, Dr. Britton and Dr. Shockley invented a landmark achievement in the history of science and technology when conducting experiments on amplifying sound signals with semiconductor crystals in conductor circuits. -transistors. Because it was invented on Christmas Eve and has such a huge impact on people's future lives, it is called a "Christmas gift to the world." In December 1947, a research team composed of Shockley, Badin and Bratton from Bell Laboratories in the United States developed a point-contact germanium transistor. The advent of the transistor was a major invention in the 20th century and the forerunner of the microelectronic revolution. After the advent of transistors, people could replace the large and power-consuming electronic tube with a small, low-power-consuming electronic device. The invention of the transistor sounded the clarion call for the birth of integrated circuits. In the first decade of the 20th century, semiconductor materials began to be used in communication systems. In the first half of the 20th century, ore radios, which were widely popular among radio enthusiasts, used ore, a semiconductor material for detection. The electrical properties of semiconductors have also been used in telephone systems. A transistor is a semiconductor device commonly used as amplifiers or electronically controlled switches. Transistors are the basic building blocks that govern the operation of computers, mobile phones, and all other modern electronic circuits. Due to their fast response speed and high accuracy, transistors can be used for a wide variety of digital and analog functions, including amplification, switching, voltage regulation, signal modulation, and oscillators. Transistors can be packaged individually or in a very small area that can accommodate 100 million or more transistor parts of an integrated circuit.