An oil painting depicting freedom leading the July Revolution in France

On July 25, 1830, Charles X (reigned from 1824 to 1830) issued a royal decree: amending the Press Law to restrict freedom of the press; dissolving the newly elected Parliament; and amending the electoral system. The imperial decree undermined the spirit of the 1814 Charter, and the working people and free capitalists were very angry about it. In the afternoon of that day, editors and reporters from major opposition newspapers gathered at the editorial office of the National Daily to draft a protest. They refused to acknowledge the dissolution of Parliament and declared that the government had lost its legitimacy, but did not deny the kingship. On the 27th, thousands of workers and craftsmen took to the streets and clashed with military police. At dawn on the 28th, the uprising began. Workers, craftsmen, college students and the National Guard built barricades, seized the armory, and captured the City Hall. Moderates of the big bourgeoisie, led by banker Lafitte, urged negotiations with the king, but Charles X and Prime Minister Polignac refused to negotiate. On July 29, the rebels took control of Paris, occupied the Louvre and the Tuileries, and the uprising launched by the provinces also won. The rebels and their leaders demanded the declaration of a republic. A Municipal Council was established at the Paris City Hall, headed by Lafitte and Lafayette, commander-in-chief of the National Guard.

Charles X had to withdraw his royal decree at this time and ordered the Duke of Montmartre to organize the government, but the situation could not be reversed. On the 30th, Lafayette called a meeting of 60 members of parliament and decided to appoint Louis-Philippe, Duke of Orleans, as regent. On the 31st, Louis-Philippe, accompanied by Lafayette, appeared on the balcony of the palace with a tricolor flag in hand and accepted the title of regent. On August 2, Charles X ceded the throne to his grandson, the Duke of Bordeaux (later Count Chambord). Louis-Philippe refused to recognize it. On August 7, the House of Representatives summoned Louis-Philippe to the throne, establishing the July Dynasty under the rule of the financial bourgeoisie.

The "July Revolution" was a prelude to the revolutionary wave in Europe in 1830, because the autocratic rule of the Bourbon royal family at that time was unbearable for the French people who had experienced the French Revolution, and led to the rise of legal persons to resist the rule of King Charles X of France at that time. The success of this revolution was the first successful revolutionary movement in Europe after the Conference of Vienna. It encouraged revolutionary movements across Europe in 1830 and 1831, marking the failure of the conservative forces organized by Imperial Austrian Prime Minister Metternich after the Conference of Vienna to curb the rising wave of nationalism and liberalism after the French Revolution.