103 years ago today, December 30, 1922 (November 13, 1922, the Lunar Calendar), the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was established. Lenin had a cordial conversation with cadres and the masses. After the October Revolution, various ethnic groups in Russia established their own independent states or autonomous republics. The Russian Federation established military and political alliances with Ukraine, Belarus, Azerbaijan, Armenia, and Georgia during the civil war to fight against the common enemy. With the end of the civil war and the recovery of the national economy and the beginning of the socialist construction period, in order to unify national defense construction and economic construction, the Communist Parties of the Soviet republics raised joint issues. In August 1922, the Central Committee of the United Communist Party (Bolshevik) established a special committee chaired by Stalin to propose a plan for each Soviet republics to join The Russian Federation as autonomous republics. Georgian leaders opposed the plan and were treated brutally. When Lenin, who was sick, learned of this incident, he immediately wrote to the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, severely criticizing the "autonomy" plan and the chauvinism of some people. Lenin suggested that all Soviet republics join the Union of Soviet Republics in accordance with the principle of equality and voluntariness. According to Lenin's suggestion, a new document was discussed and adopted at the Central Plenary Session in October 1922, which received enthusiastic response and support from the parties and Soviet organs of the Soviet Socialist Republics. On the evening of December 30, 1922, the first Soviet Congress of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was held in Moscow. Stalin gave a report on the establishment of the Soviet Union at the meeting. Lenin did not attend the conference due to illness and was elected honorary chairman of the conference. The conference adopted the Declaration on the Founding of the Soviet Union. At that time, four republics, including Russia, South Caucasus, Ukraine and Russia, joined the Soviet Union. The Union Treaty adopted by the Congress stipulates that the Union Soviet Congress is the highest body of state power and the Union People's Committee is the executive body. The treaty also specifically stipulates that each joined republic reserves the right to freely withdraw from the union. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics §³§³ §³ §³ §³§²