63 years ago today, on November 20, 1962 (October 24, 1962 lunar calendar), the Cuban Missile Crisis was declared over. A high-altitude reconnaissance plane photographed an equipped missile base in Cuba. On November 20, 1962, missiles were shipped away. The Cuban Missile Crisis, also known as the Caribbean Missile Crisis, was an extremely serious political and military crisis that broke out between the United States, the Soviet Union and Cuba during the Cold War in 1962. The incident broke out because the Soviet Union deployed missiles in Cuba. This event is regarded as the peak and turning point of the Cold War. Never in world history has humanity stood so close to the brink of a nuclear war. Throughout the 1950s and 1960s, the era of anti-colonialism around the world was an era of surging waves, and many former colonial or semi-colonial countries became independent. As far away as Cuba in the Caribbean, there was also a revolution that overthrew the pro-American, traitorous and corrupt Batista regime. The leader of this revolution was the famous Fidel Castro. At the beginning of the victory of the Cuban revolution, it did not attract the attention of the world, because Central and South America have always been turbulent, and various coups and revolutions have been happening. At first, the United States tried to win over the new Cuban regime to continue on the semi-colonial road, hoping to continue to maintain the privileges of the United States in Cuba: such as garrisoning troops, extraterritoriality, special commercial interests, etc. But the ideal of the Cuban people is to establish an independent and free Cuba. So the United States began to subvert the new Cuban regime. In January 1961, the United States and Cuba broke off diplomatic relations. In April 1961, the famous "Bay of Pigs Incident" took place. Under the planning of the CIA and supported by the US Navy and Air Force, 1,400 heavily armed Cuban exiles landed in the Bay of Pigs in an attempt to raid and overthrow the Cuban revolutionary regime. However, the operation was a shameful failure. The Cuban army wiped out these traitors, and 400 traitors were killed and 1,000 were captured alive. At that time, the situation in China and Cuba was very similar. The southeast coast of China was also constantly harassed by the US Chiang Kai-shek spy forces, sometimes reaching tens of thousands of people, but they were always beaten to pieces by the Chinese military and civilians. Therefore, Castro specially selected a gift from the spoils captured in the Bay of Pigs for Chairperson Mao Zedong, which is now displayed in the gift hall of the Beijing Military Museum. This is an American standard M1911A1 pistol, with a gray metal plate on the handle engraved with its extraordinary origin. According to the United States' habit of subverting foreign governments, after the failure of low-cost and low-risk proxy wars, it was the turn of the American army to go into battle shirtless. The Cuban army at that time was very weak, mainly equipped with small arms, and obviously could not resist the invasion of the United States. Therefore, it had to turn to the help of the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union provided Cuba with a large number of weapons and equipment and sent a team of consultants. But this was far from enough, because Cuba was only 140 kilometers away from the United States and 11,000 kilometers away from the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union was also unable to confront the United States in such a distant place. Just as later history proved that the United States was unable to confront China in Vietnam. In the face of America's nuclear superiority, Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev has always been keen to develop rocket nuclear weapons, and has always taken a repressive attitude towards conventional force building. Therefore, at that time, Khrushchev had only one card to play - medium-range ballistic missiles. The Soviet Union decided to secretly deploy medium-range ballistic missiles in Cuba. If successful, this action would change the disadvantage of the Soviet Union under the siege of US nuclear weapons. For Cuba, Soviet missiles can balance the military superiority of the United States. Therefore, in June 1962, the Soviet Union and Cuba signed an agreement on the deployment of Soviet missiles. The curtain was lifted on the Cuban missile crisis. President Kennedy met with the former Soviet foreign minister and ambassador to the United States at the White House to discuss the Cuban missile crisis in the Security Council. Comment: The world breathed a sigh of relief.