114 years ago today, on December 11, 1911 (October 21, 1911 lunar calendar), Qian Xuesen, the "father of Chinese aerospace", was born. Qian Xuesen was born in Shanghai on December 11, 1911, and came to Beijing with his father at the age of 3. He attended a nursing home (kindergarten), a primary school attached to a female teacher's university, a primary school attached to a normal university, and a high school attached to a normal university. After graduating from middle school in 1929, Qian Xuesen decided to study engineering in order to revive the motherland and was admitted to the Department of Mechanical Engineering of Jiaotong University. In 1930, Qian Xuesen first came into contact with scientific socialism and became very interested in this theory. He read Plekhanov's "On Art" and Bukharin's "Materialism" and so on. At this time, Qian Xuesen began to come into contact with the peripheral organizations of the Communist Party and participated in many small seminars, from which he learned about the existence of the Red Army and the Liberated Areas. In 1934, Qian Xuesen graduated from the Department of Mechanical Engineering of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and in the same year he was admitted to Tsinghua University for public study. In 1939, he received a doctorate in aviation and mathematics in the United States. During his studies in the United States, Qian Xuesen collaborated with others to complete the "Review and Preliminary Analysis of Long-Range Rockets", which laid the theoretical foundation for ground-to-ground missiles and sounding rockets; the hypersonic flow theory proposed by others laid the foundation for the development of aerodynamics. In 1955, Qian Xuesen returned to the embrace of the motherland under the care and personal intervention of Premier Zhou Enlai. Four months later, he submitted to the State Council "Opinions on Establishing our country's National Defense Aviation Industry". In 1956, the State Council and the Central Military Commission established the Aviation Industry Committee, a leading body for missile and aviation scientific research, according to his suggestion. Qian Xuesen was appointed as a member. In 1956, Qian Xuesen was appointed to establish our country's first rocket and missile research institute, the Fifth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense, and served as the first president. He presided over the completion of the "establishment of jet and rocket technology" plan, participated in the development of short-range missiles, medium and short-range missiles and our country's first artificial earth satellite, directly led the use of medium and short-range missiles to carry atomic bombs "two bombs combined" test, participated in the formulation of our country's first interstellar aviation development plan, developed and established engineering cybernetics and systems science.