125 years ago today, on October 2, 1900 (August 9, 1900 lunar calendar), the architect and architectural educator Tong < unk > was born. Tong < unk >, an architect and architectural educator. His designs are dignified and generous, full of characteristics and innovative spirit. Decades of uninterrupted research on the history of Eastern and Western modern architecture have made significant contributions to inheriting and developing Chinese architectural culture and learning from Western architectural theories and technologies. He is a master of integrating Chinese and Western architecture and explaining ancient and modern times. As early as the early 1930s, he conducted research on classical gardens in the south of the Yangtze River and was a pioneer in the study of modern Chinese gardening theory. Tong < unk >, Manchu, character Boqian. Born on October 2, 1900 in the eastern suburbs of Fengtian Province (now the suburbs of Shenyang). The family has been farming for generations, and his father is the first generation of scholars in the family. In the late Qing Dynasty, after the palace examination, he hand-selected the seventh grade, and returned to his hometown to serve as the principal of the women's normal school and the head of the provincial education department. Tong Wei entered the nursing home at the age of 8. In 1910, he entered the No. 1 Primary School of Fengtian Province, and in 1917, he was admitted to the No. 1 Middle School of Fengtian Province. This stage coincided with the overthrow of the Manchu and Qing dynasties and the melee of warlords, and the Northeast suffered from Japanese aggression, so "longing for peace," "building a prosperous and strong China," "studying to save the country," and "saving the country through science" became his ideals. In 1920, after graduating from high school, he went to Tianjin Xinxue Academy to specialize in English. The following summer, he participated in the entrance exams of Tangshan Jiaotong University and Beiping Tsinghua School ( He was diligent in his studies, with excellent grades in various subjects, and more outstanding in English and painting. He was also selected as a member of the art group and art editor of "Tsinghua Annual", and held a personal exhibition. In 1925, he was promoted to the university and qualified to study in the United States. In the autumn of the same year, he went to the United States at public expense and studied at the Department of Architecture of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, studying with Yang Tingbao, Chen Zhi, Liang Sicheng and others. He studied hard and diligent in school, and it was widely rumored among his classmates that he never set foot in entertainment venues. During his studies in school, he won one and two medals each in the National College Student Design Competition. In the winter of 1928, he completed all six credits in three years, obtained a master's degree in architecture, graduated early, and then interned and worked in architects' offices in Philadelphia and New York for one year each. In the spring of 1930, he went to Europe to investigate architecture in Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Belgium, the Netherlands and other countries, and finally returned to China through Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. During his stay in Europe, he was excited and amazed by the ancient civilizations and magnificent architectural relics of Western Europe, as well as the vibrant new buildings. During this period, he created many precious sketches. After returning from Europe, he was hired by the Department of Architecture of Northeastern University, and served as a professor and then the head of the department. In 1931, the September 18th Incident forced the dissolution of the Department of Architecture. After helping students get out of danger, he moved his family to Beiping. At the end of the year, he was invited to Shanghai by Chen Zhizhi, and later formed the "Huagai Architects Office" with Zhao Shen and Chen Zhi. In 1937, Shanghai fell, and the following year he was invited by Ye Zhupei, the technical chief of the Resources Committee, to Chongqing. Later, he opened a branch of "Huagai Architects Office" in Guiyang, completing many architectural designs such as the Provincial Exhibition Hall, Science Museum, Library and Tsinghua Middle School. In 1944, he arrived in Chongqing at the invitation of Liu Dunzhen of the Department of Architecture of Central University and continued his architect business after teaching. During this period, many other famous architects applied for jobs, and the Department of Architecture of Central University gathered talents and flourished for a while. This was the "Golden Age of Shapingba" of the Department of Architecture of Central University. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Central University moved back to Nanjing, and he still traveled between Shanghai and Nanjing to engage in the business of Huagai Architects Office and teach in the Department of Architecture of Central University. In 1949, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, he taught full-time in the Department of Architecture of Nanjing University. In 1952, the department was adjusted, and he served as a professor in the Department of Architecture of Nanjing Institute of Technology. In his later years, he led graduate students and devoted himself to research and writing. Even in times of turmoil and adversity, he did not stop reading and writing. He used to be the deputy director of the Institute of Architecture of Nanjing Institute of Technology and a deputy to the 5th National People's Congress of Jiangsu Province. Comment: A master who integrates Chinese and Western architecture and interprets ancient and modern times