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On November 27, 1997, historians proved Einstein's innocence
Twenty-eight years ago today, on November 27, 1997 (October 28, 1997 in the lunar calendar), historians proved Einstein's innocence. In November 1997, historians finally found irrefutable evidence that Einstein was the only creator of general relativity, thus ending an 80-year debate. The international scientific community generally believes that Einstein founded general relativity in 1916 on the basis of special relativity in 1905. But some in the international historical community have always maintained that Einstein was not the first person to propose general relativity, at least he was not the only scientist to create the greatest theory of physics of the twentieth century. According to these historians, during the eight years that Einstein was working on general relativity, he often consulted the German mathematician David Hilbert. He finally submitted the manuscript of general relativity to the Prussian Academy of Sciences on November 25, 1915. The Prussian Academy of Sciences published his paper on December 2 of the same year. Although Hilbert's general theory of relativity was published on March 1, 1916, he had submitted his theoretical points in a manuscript to the Prussian Academy of Sciences on November 20, 1915, five days before Einstein. Some historians even believe that Einstein plagiarized much of Hilbert's research in the process of establishing general relativity. Three historians from Tel Aviv University in Israel, the Max Planck Institute in Germany and Boston University in the United States said in the recent issue of Science that they had discovered previously unpublished manuscripts by two scientists, Einstein and Hilbert, which could finally put an end to the 80-year-old historical mystery. The most telling of these manuscripts is a handwritten paper on relativity written by Hilbert on December 6, 1915. In this paper, several key mathematical equations have not yet appeared. These mathematical equations are the essential foundation of the evolution from Newtonian mechanics to the general theory of relativity about the relationship between the motion of matter and time and space. The three historians believe that Hilbert only added these important mathematical equations when he later revised the paper. By this time, however, Einstein's general theory of relativity had been published. Three historians wrote: "This manuscript excludes the possibility that Einstein copied Hilbert, but on the contrary, Einstein's work was essential to Hilbert's final completion of his work." Their conclusion: Einstein did not plagiarize Hilbert's work, but Hilbert plagiarized Einstein's work. Hilbert


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