Eighty years ago today, on October 25, 1945 (September 20, 1945 in the lunar calendar), Taiwan officially returned to the motherland. In 1895, the Qing Dynasty was defeated in the Sino-Japanese War and was forced to sign the humiliating Treaty of Shimonoseki. The Treaty of Shimonoseki stipulated that the Qing government ceded the Liaodong Peninsula, Penghu Islands and the entire island of Taiwan and its affiliated islands to Japan. The signing site of the Treaty of Shimonoseki drawn by the Japanese was due to the cession of the Liaodong Peninsula to Japan, which harmed the interests of Russia, France and Germany. Therefore, six days after the signing of the Treaty of Shimonoseki, under the intervention of Russia, France and Germany, Japan was forced to return the Liaodong Peninsula to China. However, the Qing government paid a "ransom fee" of 30 million taels of silver as compensation. It is said that the three countries interfered in the Huanliao incident. Under the influence of the intervention of the three countries in the Huanliao incident, Zhang Zhidong, the governor of Liangjiang, hoped that Britain and France could intervene again and force Japan to return Taiwan to China. However, Britain and France had no intention of offending the Japanese on the Taiwan issue, so the hope that the foreign powers would intervene in the return of Taiwan failed. The people with lofty ideals on the island of Taiwan, unwilling to become slaves of the country, strongly opposed the Japanese occupation of Taiwan, and launched a struggle against Taiwan, but were suppressed by the Japanese invaders and failed. Since then, Taiwan has been occupied by Japan for a long time. It was not until the victory of the Anti-Japanese War that Taiwan returned to the embrace of the motherland. After Japan's defeat, MacArthur and his party arrived in Japan. In August 1943, the heads of state of China, the United States and the United Kingdom held a meeting in Cairo, Egypt. After the meeting, the Cairo Declaration was issued. The Cairo Declaration clearly stipulated that the territory occupied by Japan in China must be returned to China. In July 1945, the Potsdam Proclamation signed by China, the United States and the United Kingdom further reaffirmed the relevant provisions of the Cairo Declaration. In September 1945, Supreme Commander MacArthur of the Allied Forces issued the "General Order No. 1" military order. According to the relevant provisions of this military order, the chief officer of the surrender instrument in Taiwan Province was Chen Yi. The place was at the Taipei Guild Hall in Taiwan on October 25, 1945. On the 25th, the surrender ceremony of Taiwan Province in the Chinese Theater of War was held in Taipei. On October 25, 1945, the surrender ceremony of the Japanese army in Taiwan was officially held. On the Chinese side, Chen Yi and other officials, as well as Brigadier General Burdell, the US liaison officer, attended the ceremony. Riki Ando, commander of the 10th Front Army of the Japanese Army and Governor of Taiwan, signed the surrender document. At 10 am, Chen Yi, on behalf of the Chinese government, announced on the radio: From now on, Taiwan and the Penghu Islands will officially rejoin China's territory, and all land, people and political affairs in this area will be under Chinese sovereignty. The end of Japan's 50-year rule in Taiwan. After Japan announced its surrender, the Nationalist government established a system of the Chief Executive's Office in Taiwan that was very different from that of the mainland provinces in view of the special situation in Taiwan. On September 28, the "Organization Outline of the Office of the Chief Executive of Taiwan Province" was announced, and Chen Yi was appointed as the Chief Executive of Taiwan Province and the Commander-in-Chief of Taiwan Security On September 28, the Office of the Chief Executive and the General Security Command dispatched the Secretary-General of the Office of the Chief Executive, Ge Jingen, and the Deputy Chief of Staff of the Taiwan General Security Command, Fan Chanyao, to form a forward command post, and served as the chief and deputy director of the institute. On October 1, Zhang Yanmeng, commander of the First Route Army of the Chinese Air Force, was ordered to fly to Taipei on a single plane with the flag of the National Government, and raised the national flag in Taipei. On October 3, the Chinese Army vanguard arrived in Taiwan on a wooden sailboat. On October 5, Ge Jingen led more than 80 staff members and arrived in Taipei from Chongqing. This was the first batch of people to arrive in Taiwan when the National Government took over Taiwan. On October 16, it was rumored that the National Army would arrive in Keelung on October 25, and the people gathered at the pier to welcome it. From morning to evening, no army arrived, and many people waited at the pier for a long time. On October 17, the 70th Army, led by Chen Kongda, and some officials of the public office arrived in Keelung in more than 40 US transport ships. This was the first batch of national troops to land in Taiwan. After the army landed, it was warmly welcomed by the people who had been waiting for a long time. At 14:40, the 70th Army entered Taipei, and was cheered by tens of thousands of citizens. The road passed by the army was lined with human walls. Some of the Japanese also stood in line obediently. On October 24, Chen Yi led his officials from the public office to fly from Shanghai to Taipei in the afternoon.