Preliminary
The average Japanese life. Aged 84Stable in the world first, the United States only with the top medical technology 79 years old.，and China But surprisingly.
Even more shockingly, China only took 70 years.realized 2.25 timeshistorical transition, which is among the world's most populous powers Nothing is only.
China with a population of 1.4 billion. What is the average life expectancy of the people?
How much do 1.4 billion people live on average?
When it comes to longevity, many people first react. The Japanese Model。
The average life expectancy is 84 years, making this resource-poor island country the world’s first in the global health ranking for 40 years in a row.
What about America? As the most advanced country in medical technology in the world, the average life expectancy of 79 is indeed not low, but considering that they are Genetic TreatmentThe huge investment in precision medicine, this achievement is somewhat surprising.
However, the most shocking of demographics around the world is this figure from China: 78.02 years old。
What concept? An average of 1.4 billion people.
This is not a local statistic of a wealthy area, not a small sample survey of a specific group, but a super-large statistic covering 9.6 million square kilometers and spanning five time zones.
From the black land of the northeast to the coconut forest of Hainan, from the snow mountains of Tibet to the waterlands of Jiangnan, 78.02 years oldWhat it means, only in-depth analysis can understand its dimension.
What is even more shocking is that at the time of the founding of New China, the average life expectancy of Chinese people was only 35 years old。
70 years, from age 35 to 78,02 years, is one of the most spectacular miracles of life in human history, and no country with a population of the same size can do it.
The current average life expectancy in India is 69 years, Brazil is 75 years, and Russia is 72.
China has achieved not only in the case of the largest population base Nearly 80 years old.The average life expectancy has completed this leap in the shortest time.
What kind of system code is hidden behind this?
The long life code is finally broken.
The answer must be found in two dimensions: Institutional guaranteeand Lifestyle。
Let's talk about the system first. That's where America's problem lies.
The United States has the world’s most advanced medical technology, from nuclear magnetic resonance to gene therapy, from robotic surgery to immunotherapy, and almost every medical breakthrough comes from the United States, but these top resources serve only a handful of people.
In the United States, cold treatment costs $100 to $500, and emergency care costs up to $500 to $5,500.
Because many people can't afford medical expenses, minor illnesses become serious illnesses, and serious illnesses are delayed until they can't be saved.
Systemic ExclusionThis is the biggest burden on average life expectancy in the US.
Japan is going the other way.
Health insurance covers every Japanese, whether wealthy or poor, regardless of the city and countryside, the threshold of illness is not high.
More importantly, Japan puts health management in every corner of life.
Cycling at work, playing gateball and calligraphy in community centers after retirement, Life is movement.It is the basic consensus of Japanese society.
In terms of diet, there is less oil, less salt and less sugar, and fish and vegetables occupy the leading role on the table. This light diet tradition is perfectly in line with modern nutrition.
What about China? A few decades ago, China was still a typical developing country with extremely scarce medical resources, but China used Institutional innovationsolve this global problem.
From basic medical insurance to major illness relief, from urban hospitals to rural sanitary facilities, a medical security network covering the entire population is being formed.
China's health insurance coverage has exceeded 95%This means that 95 out of 100 people are ill.This is higher than in many developed countries.
More importantly, the Chinese are shifting from “eating well” to “eating well”.
Square dance, tai chi, gymnastics, Chinese grandmothers interpret what they call their own way. All people fitness.。
Whose path is right?
Three patterns, three paths, which one is more sustainable?
of Japan. Refined managementPatterns are worth learning, but they also face challenges.
The ageing rate is as high as 29.3%, meaning that three out of ten Japanese are older than 65.
This super-aging society has brought great pressure to the medical system and social security.
The Japanese government had to encourage elderly people to delay retirement, and 80 years old people who are still working can be seen everywhere on the streets of Japan, longevity becoming a sweet burden.
American Technology firstThe model problem is more evident.
Opioid abuse causes 80,000 deaths each year, and gun violence has made the United States one of the most unsafe places in developed countries.
Social fragmentation, poor and rich gaps, and injustice in health care are all offset by the health benefits of advanced technology.
No matter how advanced an ambulance is, it can't catch up with the bullets fired; No matter how sophisticated surgery is, it can't save patients who delay treatment because they can't afford medical expenses.
of China Institutional innovationThe model shows different possibilities.
Under the conditions of the largest population and the most difficult development tasks, China has found a Low cost and wide coverageA healthy development path.
At the heart of this path is not a mere technological breakthrough, but the wisdom of system design.
Medical resources are sinking so that farmers in remote areas can also enjoy basic medical services.
The graded diagnosis and treatment system allows minor illnesses to be solved in the community, and serious illnesses to go to big hospitals, thus avoiding the waste of resources.
Concentrate drug procurement, use the advantage of scale to reduce the price of medicines, so that the people can afford medicines.
More importantly, the Chinese model has powerful Adaptability。
During the outbreak, China was able to rapidly mobilize the resources of the whole society, build a square hospital, and organize large-scale nucleic acid testing.
This system’s capacity to mobilize is an important guarantee for responding to emergency public health incidents.
From this perspective, the average life expectancy in China is 78,02 years, not only a statistical figure, but a successful verification of a set of governance systems.
It demonstrates that developing countries are fully able to take a path of healthy development different from that of developed countries.
What lesson has China taught the world
The first key word in this class is system thinking。
Health is not a matter of the medical sector, but a systemic project of the whole society.
China has used 70 years to prove that the increase in average life expectancy requires synergistic advancement of economic development, institutional construction, cultural progress, and environmental improvement.
Without economic development, there will be no resources invested in health care; without institutional construction, there will be no equitable coverage of medical services.
Without cultural progress, people will not proactively pursue a healthy lifestyle; without environmental improvement, better medical care can not cure diseases caused by pollution.
The second keyword is Progressive reforms。
China has not taken the model of any country, but has been tapped in practice and improved in reform.
From cooperative medicine to new agricultural unification, from public healthcare to health insurance integration, each system adjustment is a summary and upliftment of the experience of the previous phase.
This step-by-step reform avoided the social shocks that radical change could bring, and guaranteed the continuity and stability of the reform.
The third key word is The People Center。
China's medical reform has always adhered to people's health as the center, rather than profit as the center.
This determines that China will not follow the high-tech, high-cost and low-coverage path of the United States, but will choose a model with appropriate technology, reasonable cost and extensive coverage.
The basic drug system, the classified treatment system, the family doctor system, these systems are designed to benefit ordinary people.
The fourth keyword is Cultural confidence。
While learning from foreign advanced experience, China has not lost its own cultural tradition.
Chinese medicine has played an important role in the prevention and control of epidemics, and traditional ways of fitness such as tai chi and eight-stage jing are loved by young people.
This combination of tradition and modernity gives China's healthy development path a unique cultural identity.
Looking forward to the future, China's average life expectancy broke 80 years old.Just a matter of time.
With the advancement of medical technology, the improvement of living standards and the improvement of the quality of the environment, the health level of Chinese people will also be further improved.
More importantly, China’s model provides other developing countries with the experience to be drawn from.
In today’s globalized world, no country can cope with health challenges alone.
China is willing to share its experience with the world and build humanity together. Healthy community with a shared future。
conclusion
Life expectancy is not just a number, it is a mirror of a country. Governance of WisdomAnd development temperature.
With the continuous improvement of China's model, China's average life expectancy is expected to break through in the next decade 80 years old.Daguan, providing the world with more experience for reference.
Which model do you think is more sustainable? welcome to share your views in the comment section.