99 years ago today, on January 11th, 1926 (November 27th, 1925 in the lunar calendar), Zhang Zuolin declared the independence of the three northeastern provinces. On January 11, 1926, in order to restore the endgame caused by Guo Songling's rebellion and prevent the invasion of the National Army, Zhang Zuolin telegraphed the whole country, announcing that the three northeastern provinces would sever all administrative relations with the Beijing government, and presided over the military and political affairs of the three northeastern provinces in the name of General Zhenweishang. On the 23rd, the joint meeting of the corporations of the three northeastern provinces electrified, implemented the joint governance of the three provinces, pushed Zhang Zuolin to maintain the order in the northeast, and announced that from now on, all orders and constraints of the Beijing government would not be recognized. On the 25th, Zhang Zuolin convened a meeting of important civil and military officials. The meeting decided that the three northeastern provinces officially declared independence, implemented "protecting the border and the people", arranged a defense line with Shanhaiguan and Qinhuangdao as the boundary, and Jehol was on the defensive, stationing 70,000 to 80,000 troops to prevent the national army from invading; A large number of armaments were expanded in the Northeast, and the army was reorganized into 14 divisions, which were temporarily rested. At the same time, Zhang Zuolin was appointed as the commander-in-chief of security and the president of military affairs of the three northeastern provinces, and ordered the army to enter the customs and retreat to Fengdi from now on.