142 years ago today, on September 3, 1883 (August 3, 1883 in the lunar calendar), the famous Russian writer Turgenev died. Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev (1818-1883) Russian realist novelist, poet and playwright. On November 9, 1818, he was born in a hereditary aristocratic family. In 1833, he entered the Department of Literature of Moscow University. One year later, he transferred to the Department of Philosophy of Petersburg University, majoring in Chinese. After graduation, he went to Berlin University in Germany to study philosophy, history and Greek and Latin. Later, he studied in Moscow University for one year, and then transferred to St. Petersburg University to study classics, Russian literature and philosophy. In 1838, he went to Berlin University to study Hegelian philosophy. In the spring of 1843, he and his earliest master Li Gen (Chinese translation) jointly published the long narrative poem "Balasha". From 1847 to 1851, he published "Hunter's Notes" in "Modern Man". The work's anti-serfdom tendency angered the authorities, who arrested and banished him on the grounds that he violated censorship regulations by publishing an article in memory of Gogol. In detention he wrote the famous anti-serfdom short story Mumu. From the 1850s to the 1870s, Turgenev's writing was a vigorous period. He successively published novels: Rudin (1856), The Noble House (1859), The Eve (1860), Father and Son (1862), Smoke (1867) and Virgin Land (1859). Since the 1960s, Turgenev has spent most of his time in Western Europe and made friends with many famous writers and artists, such as Zola, Maupassant, Dude and Gongcourt. Participated in the "International Congress of Literature" held in Paris and was elected Vice-President (President Victor Hugo). On September 3, 1883, Turgenev died at the age of 65.