123 years ago today, on May 12th, 1902 (April 5th, 1902 in the lunar calendar), it was the birthday of Khomeini, the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Khomeini returned to Iran after 16 years of political exile. On May 12th, 1902, Khomeini, the leader of Iranian Islamic Shiites and the supreme leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran, was born in the small town of Khomein, 56 kilometers away from Qom, a religious shrine in Iran. Ayatollah Ruhollah Mousavi Khomeini, whose original surname was Hindi, was changed to Khomeini in 1930, meaning Khomeyne. My maternal grandfather, father and an older brother were all ayatollahs (the title of religious leader, meaning the will of God). After graduating from middle school at the age of 15, he was taught by Hayeri Yezdi, a famous Islamic theologian and religious leader. In 1922, he went to Qom for further study and became an Islamic theologian and jurist. At the beginning of 60, he became one of the six grand ayatollahs of Iran. He has been teaching in Qom for 40 years, and most of the famous contemporary religious scholars in Iran are his students. In 1941, he published the book "Unveiling the Mystery", exposing the dictatorship of Shah Pahlavi. In 1950s, he sympathized with Mossadegh's anti-Shah struggle. In the 1960s, he attacked the "White Revolution" initiated by Pahlavi. Arrested on Ashura Day (traditional religious holiday) in June 1963 for supporting demonstrations against the king, he was released in August. In October 1964, he was expelled from the country and exiled to Turkey for criticizing the king's government for giving diplomatic privileges to American military advisers. After that, he transferred to Najaf, a Shi'ite religious shrine in Iraq. In October 1978, under the pressure of the Shah of Iran, the Iraqi government declared him a "persona non grata", so he moved to live in the suburbs of Paris. During his exile, he kept in touch with the country and organized a campaign to overthrow the Shah. On January 16, 1979, King Pahlavi was forced to leave the country, and the Islamic Revolution in Iran won. In February, he returned to Tehran after 15 years of exile. He announced the abolition of the monarchy and the establishment of the Islamic Republic. According to the Constitution, he was identified as the supreme religious leader of Islam, assuming overall military and political power, and serving as the supreme head of state. Settled in Qom on March 1. He proposed to rebuild Iran according to "Mohammed's vision" and announced that "we will build a neutral and non-aligned republic neither in favor of the West nor the East". Carry out complete Islamization in all fields of national life, and put forward the slogan of exporting the Islamic revolution to the outside world. September 1980 In 1988, there was an eight-year war between Iran and Iraq. In July 1988, Khomeini announced his acceptance of the decision of the UN Security Council and agreed to a ceasefire. The Iran-Iraq war stopped in August. Died of illness on June 3, 1989.