One hundred and twelve years ago today, on December 18, 1913 (November 21, 1913 in the lunar calendar), a "non-violent resistance movement" in South Africa. In October, 1913, on the road from Newcastle, Natal, South Africa to Transvaal, there was a strange team of more than 2,000 people. Among them were merchants, workers, women and children. Although the members were very complex, the team was very disciplined. The leader in front is a middle-aged man with glasses. He is Gandhi, the founder of the "non-violent resistance movement". He led this team to a "peaceful march" to Transvaal, demanding that the British governor-general in South Africa cancel the "Black Act", abolish the poll tax and recognize the legality of the Indian marriage system. They painstakingly stated these demands to the colonial authorities, but instead of accepting them, the colonial authorities sent armed forces to disperse the petitioning team and arrest the leader Gandhi. Gandhi, is a lawyer in India. In April, 1893, he was recruited by wealthy Indian businessmen to go to Pubertullie, the capital of Transvaal, South Africa, to deal with a debt dispute of 40,000 pounds. South Africa was a British colony at the time, and there were quite a few Indian expatriates there, mostly coolies, and a few engaged in business and freelance work. These Indian expatriates were discriminated against and oppressed by local whites. Gandhi went to South Africa and took part in the struggle against racial discrimination here. Because of the retention of local Indian expatriates, he lived here for 21 years. In India, Gandhi believed in Buddhist patron saint, advocated benevolence, no killing, vegetarianism, and took the motto of "repay evil with good, and repay grievance with virtue". When he arrived in South Africa, he studied the Christian Bible and the Islamic Koran. He believed that all religions contained the spirit of benevolence, and advocated that any political struggle should be aimed at "benevolence". A whole set of non-violent theories emerged, that is, the guiding ideology of the later "non-violent resistance movement". In August, 1906, the Transvaal state government announced a bill prohibiting Indian immigration to South Africa (also known as the "Black Act"), which practiced naked racial discrimination. As a result, Gandhi led Indian overseas Chinese, set off a non-violent resistance movement, and was arrested by the South African government. Gandhi's arrest not only failed to stop the resistance movement, but on the contrary, the movement continued to develop. In December, the number of strikers exceeded 10,000, and colonial rule was seriously threatened. In order to prevent the situation from expanding, the British Governor-General in South Africa was forced to release Gandhi on December 18, 1913, in order to seek reconciliation. After many negotiations, the colonial authorities were forced to make some concessions and agree to some conditions, and the non-violent resistance movement won a certain victory. Since then, Gandhi has become famous, and his theory of non-violent resistance has been believed in by more people.