Sixty years ago today, on May 20, 1965 (April 20, 1965 in the lunar calendar), Chinese aircraft designer Huang Zhiqian died. Huang Zhiqian (19141.23 ~ 1965.5.20) was born on January 24, 1914 in Huaiyin County, Jiangsu Province. He entered primary school in 1919. After graduating from high school in 1926, he was admitted to Yuanjiang Middle School. Later, he dropped out of school to study at home because of family difficulties. After graduating from Zhenjiang Normal University in July, 1944, he was admitted to the Department of Mechanical Engineering of Shanghai Jiaotong University. After graduating in 1947, War of Resistance against Japan broke out. He joined the Nanjing National Government Air Force with the volunteer of resisting Japan and saving the nation, and was trained in the Aviation Machinery School. After graduating in April 1948, he moved to aircraft manufacturing plants such as Leiyun and Kunming in Yunnan, Bhamo in Myanmar, and Xinjin in Sichuan, where he was responsible for and participated in the repair of Hawker-III, §ª-15, §ª-16 and other aircraft and airport service work. In October 1944, he went to the United States as an employee of Convair Aircraft Manufacturing Company and participated in the design and manufacture of the B-24 bomber and the stress analysis of the Type 240 "Air Palace" twin-engine transport aircraft. In August 1945, War of Resistance against Japan won, and he entered the Aeronautical Research Institute of the University of Michigan to study mechanics. In September 1946, the Nanjing National Government signed an agreement with the British Gloucester Aircraft Manufacturing Company to cooperate in the design of jet fighter jets, and Huang Zhiqian and his party moved to the UK to participate in the design work. During this period, he carefully studied the technical data of the British "Meteor" advanced fighter and EI44 jet fighter, and directly participated in the structural design of the rear section of the fuselage. He benefited a lot from this design work, which provided him with technical reference and valuable practical experience for his later design of fighter aircraft. In April 1949, Huang Zhiqian left Britain by boat, passed through Mumbai, Singapore, Hong Kong, and Incheon, North Korea, and returned to Tianjin in June. After returning to China, Huang Zhiqian immediately devoted himself to the drafting of the aviation industry factory construction plan in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China in the Aviation Engineering Research Office of East China Military Region, and was responsible for the construction of Jian'ou Airport in Fujian Province. In July 1951, he was transferred to the acting section chief of the Design Section of Shenyang Aircraft Manufacturing Factory, responsible for the repair of the combat aircraft §® §ª §¤-9 and §® §ª §¤-15 to resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea. In September 1954, Huang Zhiqian served as the leader of the design group of the First Technical Section of the Aviation Industry Bureau, assisting the section chief in organizing, leading and managing the design work of various aircraft manufacturing plants, and preparing wings for repairing the §­ a-9 aircraft for static tests. Technical guidance. At the beginning of 1956, he participated in the formulation of the twelve-year development plan of science and technology in China. In August of the same year, China established its first aircraft design laboratory in Shenyang, and Huang Zhiqian was appointed as the deputy chief designer of the laboratory. He co-led the creation of the design room with other designers and successfully designed the JJ-1 jet trainer aircraft. Subsequently, he participated in organizing and leading the overall scheme design of the Chujiao-6 primary trainer aircraft and the Qiang-5 attack aircraft. In August 1961, Shenyang Aircraft Design Institute of Aviation Research Institute was established, and Huang Zhiqian was appointed as the chief designer. Together with other leaders, he organized and led the establishment of China's first aircraft design research institute, and laid the technical foundation for the successful development of the "J-8" high-altitude and high-speed fighter. The first task after the establishment of Shenyang Aircraft Design Office was the design of the high subsonic jet trainer "JJ-1" aircraft. He proposed that the performance of this aircraft should be comparable to similar aircraft in the world, and the materials should be based in China; The maximum flight speed is 700 ~ 800 kilometers per hour, and the range is about 1,000 kilometers; The ceiling of the aircraft is greater than 12 kilometers, the body is an all-metal structure, and the front three-point landing gear; The overall aerodynamic layout of air intake on both sides, two seats, and trapezoidal lower single wing. Practice has proved that the main structural drawings and aerodynamic and strength analysis reports that he is responsible for reviewing have been verified by static and dynamic tests and flight tests, and the calculation and analysis data are basically consistent with the test data. The JJ-1 aircraft was designed in November 1956, and it took only 1 year and 9 months to fly into the sky before July 1958. Its development cycle is shorter than that of contemporary trainer aircraft in Japan, Poland and Czechoslovakia. On May 20, 1965, Huang Zhiqian visited Western Europe and was killed in a plane crash over Cairo. He was posthumously recognized as a martyr by the Central Military Commission. Died at the age of 51. The British "Meteor" fighter MIG-15 (back) was the main fighter of the Korean War. The J-1 aircraft has smooth lines and bright style. The J-7 prototype J-8 is my country's first true high-altitude and high-speed fighter jet