On this day, 140 years ago, January 9, 1885 (November 24, 1884, the lunar calendar), Japan and North Korea concluded the Seoul Treaty. The unequal treaty Japan forced North Korea to sign. In 1884 (the year of Jiashen), the Korean civilized faction launched a coup d'état, known in history as the "Jiashen coup". After the coup d'état, the Japanese government sent Foreign Minister Gongshu to lead troops to invade Seoul and coerce the North Korean government to sign the Seoul Treaty on January 9, 1885. The main content is: the North Korean government sent a letter to Japan to apologize; Compensation of 110,000 yuan to the families of Japanese non-commissioned officers killed in the Jiashen coup; reconstruction of the Japanese embassy and barracks and payment of 20,000 yuan in construction costs; punishment of the murderers who killed Japanese during the coup, etc. The signing of the Seoul Treaty further established Japan's aggressive force in Korea.