On this day, 173 years ago, on January 6, 1852 (November 16, 1851, the lunar calendar), Louis Braille, the inventor of the Braille writing system for the blind, passed away. Louis Braille (also translated as Louis Braille, January 4, 1809-January 6, 1852) was the inventor of Braille, a world-wide writing system used by blind and visually impaired people. Braille is a method of reading by touching text composed of raised dots with a reader's finger. This system is already available in almost all known languages. Braille was born in Kaupvale, a small town in eastern Paris, France. His father, Simon-Ryan Braille, was a saddlemaker. At the age of three, Braille accidentally stabbed his left eye while trying out a sewing cone in his father's shop. This incident destroyed his left eye, and soon his right eye became infected, he developed neuropathic ophthalmia, and he became blind. By the age of four Braille had become completely blind. Although Braille was disabled, he continued to go to school with the support of his parents. He was supported by a priest in a nearby church until he could read and write. At the age of ten, Braille received a scholarship to study in Paris (French). This college is the first school of its kind in the world. The scholarship made his fate different from that of other blind people who begged on the streets of Paris. However, the situation at the school was not much better: he was provided with stale bread and water, and students were often beaten and imprisoned. Braille, smart and creative, became an outstanding cellist and organist and played for churches throughout France. In this school, students can learn some basic craft skills and simple trade knowledge. They also learned to read by feeling protruding letters, a reading system invented by Valentine Haüy, the school's founder. However, these raised letters were pressed out of copper wire on paper, so students never learned how to write such words. In 1821, a retired naval officer named Charles Babier visited the school. Babier showed everyone the code he invented for writing at night. The system expresses meaning through different arrangements of 12 bumps, which is used by soldiers to convey high-level secrets without speaking on the battlefield. This code was difficult for ordinary soldiers to master, but Braille quickly mastered it. That year, Braille began using his father's sewing cone to invent his own bump code system, which he completed when he was 15 years old. Braille's code system, Braille, uses only 6 convex dots to form each corresponding letter, while Babier's system uses 12 dots to represent the corresponding pronunciation. This six-point system allows people to recognize letters and understand what all dots represent at once by touching their fingers, without the need for the necessary steps of a 12-point method such as movement or reset. Braille's system also has many advantages over Valentine's Haüy's system. The most significant advantage is that people use Braille, which is both readable and writable. Braille later extended his code system to mathematical and musical symbols. The first book to use Braille was "A Method for Writing, Composition, and Simple Songs by Dot for and for Blind People, Prepared for and Used by Blind People" published in 1827. In 1839 Braille published some details about the methods he developed to communicate with sighted people and the standardization of Braille printing. Braille and his friend Pierre Foucault went on to develop instruments that would allow people to write the code faster. Braille also became a highly respected teacher. He has been teaching at the school for the blind since graduating from the school. Although he was respected and loved by his students, his Braille system was not allowed to be taught to students there during his lifetime, so many students secretly learned from Braille outside school. Braille suffered from illness. In 1852, at the age of 43, he died in Paris of tuberculosis; his body was exhumed by the French government in 1952 and moved to the Pantheon in Paris, which was used to bury important great men in French history. The importance of legacy Braille was not recognized until 1854. That year, Dr. Thomas Armitage and four blind people founded the British and Foreign Society for Improving the embossed Literature of the Blind (later the Royal National Institute of the Blind), which published books in Braille. In 1879, the International Congress of Blind Teachers held in Berlin decided to use Braille to teach blind people. In 1887, Braille was internationally recognized. Braille is now available in almost all known languages and has become the main method of written communication for visually impaired people around the world. There is a "Braille Street" in Kaupvalley and a "Braille Memorial Hall" in the village. Louis Braille himself is also respected by people all over the world today.