Eighty years ago today, February 23, 1945 (January 11, 1945 in the lunar calendar), the famous Russian writer A Tolstoy died. A. Tolstoy, like Alexei Nikolayevich Tolstoy (Russian: §¡§Ý §Ö §Ü §ã §Ö §Û§¯§Ú §Ü §à §Ý§Ñ§Ö§Ó§Ú §ä §à §Ý §ã §ä §à §Û; 10 January 1883 - 23 February 1945) was a Soviet writer. A. H. Tolstoy was born on December 29, 1882, into an aristocratic family in Samara. In 1901, he entered Petersburg Institute of Technology and left school midway. Under the influence of symbolism, he began literary creation. The first collection of poems,"Lyric Poems"(1907), was a work of "decadent" by the author. The second collection of poems, Behind the Blue River (1911) and the fairy tale collection,"The Story of the Magpie"(1910), demonstrate the author's efforts to shed the influence of symbolism and inherit the tradition of Russian folk literature and realism. The collection of short stories "The Left Bank of the Volga River"(1910), the novels "The Weird"(1911) and "The Lame Master"(1912) all describe the economic bankruptcy and spiritual degeneration of Russian aristocratic landlords. These works were not successfully written because the author had not yet completely escaped the influence of symbolism. After the outbreak of the First World War, he went to the front line as a war correspondent, visited Britain and France (1916), and wrote some essays, features, novels and plays about the war, such as the feature "Message on the Way"(1915), the short story "The Beautiful Lady"(1916), and the plays "The Swallow"(1916),"The Devil"(1916),"The Bitter Flower"(1917), etc. These works show that his thoughts and feelings began to approach the people. A. H. Tolstoy warmly welcomed the February Revolution of 1917, but did not understand the October Socialist Revolution that took place; Out of confusion and fear, he left his motherland in the autumn of 1918 and went into exile in Paris. In 1921, he moved to Berlin. His nostalgia for his motherland during his exile led him to write the autobiographical novella Nikita's Childhood (1920-1922). He also wrote "Two Sisters"(1922), which later became the first part of the "Journey of Suffering" trilogy, and completed the long-form science fantasy novel "Arida"(1922-1923). Since 1923, A. H. Tolstoy's creative life began a new stage. He first wrote a series of excellent works criticizing capitalist society, such as the short stories "Mirage"(1924) and "Alliance of the Five"(1925), the long satirical novel "The Adventures of Nevzorov or Ibikus"(1924), and the scientific fantasy novel "The Hyperbola of the Engineer Garin"(1925-1927), the novel "Blue City"(1925), which reflects modern life, etc. The last two parts of the masterpiece trilogy "The Journey of Suffering","1918"(1927-1928) and "Dark Morning"(1940-1941), were also completed during this period. Later, he also wrote some famous works, such as "Grain". He died of illness on February 23, 1945. Illustration of the work "The Course of Suffering" by the Soviet writer A. Tolstoy