On March 25, 1815, Austria, Britain, Prussia and Russia established the Seventh Anti-French Alliance to maintain the order established in Europe.

After Napoleon established the "Hundred Days Dynasty" in 1815, European monarchies re-mobilized heavy troops to form the Seventh Anti-French Alliance. In June 1815, the French army was defeated at the Battle of Waterloo, and Napoleon abdicated for the second time; in October, he was exiled to St. Helena. On May 5, 1821, Napoleon died of illness on the island.