123 years ago today, September 29, 1902 (August 28, 1902 in the lunar calendar), French writer Zola passed away. Zola (1840-1902) French writer Zola (1840 - 1902) was a French writer. Born in an engineer's family, he lost his father at the age of 7 and lived a difficult life. In 1857, he and his mother moved to Paris with his grandfather and finished high school as a docker. In 1862, he joined Achaet Bookstore as a packaging worker, and soon became the director of the advertising department with his outstanding poetry talents. During this period, he published a collection of short and medium stories "The Story of Gennon"(1864) and the novels "Claude's Confession"(1865) and "The Secret of Marseille"(1867). In the previous work, the influence of romanticism can be seen. In the second work, the naturalistic creative method has been seen. In the 1960s, Zola proposed the naturalist literary theory, believing that experimental methods could be used to understand the material world, as well as emotional and spiritual life; advocating that novelists act as collectors of facts and experimenters who conduct experiments based on facts, thus becoming "the inquisitor of human and human desires." During this period, Zola wrote the novelettes Delais Ragan (1867) and Madeleine Fira (1868), both of which were received coldly from society. Beginning in 1868, he imitated Balzac's "Human Comedy" and planned a grand plan to create a continuous large-scale work "The Rugon-Macar Family". According to his expectations, this would be "the natural history and social history of a family in the Second Empire era." It would first "study the blood and environmental issues in a family", and secondly "describe the social landscape of this era with facts and feelings, and depict this era in the details of various customs and events." To this end, he studied physiology, studied medical records and historical materials. After 25 years of diligent writing, he finally completed this masterpiece, which included 20 novels. The themes cover all aspects of social life in the Second Empire and the Third Republic of France. The works are influenced to varying degrees by naturalistic theories, but in some of these masterpieces, the realism trend dominates. "Money"(1891) vividly depicts the ugly faces of bourgeois speculators and adventurers and the life-and-death competition between exchange lords. "The Little Inn"(1877) depicts the inhuman living conditions of workers under the capitalist system. "Germination"(1885) focuses on a strike in a Kuangqu and describes the lives and struggles of industrial workers. For the first time in the history of French literature, it relatively successfully portrayed the image of a revolutionary proletarian. Zola then wrote a trilogy of the novel "Three Cities" to expose the illusion of religion and explain the idea of improving society through science. In 1898, he devoted himself to the struggle to uphold justice for the wronged officer of Jewish origin Dreyfus, which led to persecution by the reactionary authorities. Only three of the "Four Gospels" that were first written in exile in the United States were completed: "Reproduction"(1899),"Labor"(1901), and "Truth"(1901). The book expresses the author's social ideals. Zola's novel creation and naturalistic theory deeply influenced French literature in the later decades of the 19th century. Zola on the train Zola's novel "The Little Inn" was adapted into a poster for a screenplay performance, French writer Zola