211 years ago today, October 15, 1814 (September 3, 1814 in the lunar calendar), the Russian poet Lermontov was born. Russian poet Lermontov The Russian poet Lermontov was born on October 15, 1814 and died on July 1, 1841. He lived only 27 years old. However, in the history of Russian literature, his contribution is immortal. After Pushkin, he was an important poet in Russia in the first half of the 19th century. Lermontov was born into a family of retired military officers in Moscow. He lost his mother when he was a child and lived with his grandmother in the village of Tarhanna, Bencha Province. In 1828, he entered the boarding high school affiliated to Moscow University and transferred to the Department of Literature in 1830. His family environment made him depressed and withdrawn, but he was very intelligent. The poem "Turkish Sorrow" he wrote when he was 15 years old expresses this loneliness and sadness. In 1832, he was forced to leave Moscow University and study at the Petersburg Military Academy for participating in a boycott of reactionary professors. After graduation, he became an officer in the Guards Hussars Corps. His observation of Petersburg's upper society gradually led Lermontov's creation to develop towards critical realism. In 1835, he wrote the poetic drama "Masquerade Ball" and the long poem "The Great Aristocrat Orsha", exposing and satirizing the hypocrisy, darkness and inequality of aristocratic society. Especially in January 1837, when the great poet Pushkin died in a duel, Lemonto immediately wrote "The Death of the Poet", which revealed that the killing of Pushkin was a despicable plot planned by a group of villains around the tsar. This sharp political lyric poem was praised by Gorky as "the most powerful poem in Russian poetry." It marks that Lermontov has become a mature critical realist poet. The poem "Death of the Poet" offended the court, and Tsar Nicholas I arrested Lermontov in 1837 and exiled him to the Caucasus. It was not until 1838 that due to the activities of poet Zhukovsky and others, they were allowed to return to Petersburg. During his exile, he met the Decembrists in exile there and came into contact with folk oral literature in the mountainous areas, which had a great influence on his thoughts and literary creation, and wrote more than 400 touching poems. In particular, the novel "Contemporary Heroes", which began to be written in 1838, is the beginning of Russian social psychological novels. In February 1840, Lermontov was arrested for dueling with the son of the French minister and exiled to the Caucasus again. The following year, he went to Pajigorsk for recuperation due to illness and died in a duel with retired major Martinov here. This was the murder of yet another progressive poetplanned by the tsarist government. Lermontov had not been engaged in literary activities for a long time, but he inherited Pushkin's tradition and played a role in the prosperity of critical realist literature in Russia in the mid-19th century. Lermontov's hand-painted painting contains memories of the Caucasus.