On this day, 31 years ago, on October 21, 1994 (September 17, 1994 in the lunar calendar), the United States and North Korea signed the "Framework Agreement on Resolving the North Korean Nuclear Issue." On October 21, 1994, the United States and North Korea formally signed the "Framework Agreement on Resolving the North Korean Nuclear Issue" in Geneva. In this agreement, which has a total of 4 items and 13 articles, the core content is on the issue of converting North Korea's graphite reactor to light water reactors. North Korea has a 5-megawatt graphite reactor and two other graphite reactors under construction (with generating capacity of 50 and 200 megawatts respectively). According to the agreement, North Korea will eventually dismantle the three reactors. The United States will compensate North Korea for the losses suffered as a result: the United States promised to provide North Korea with two light water reactors with a power generation capacity of 1000 MW each, with a total value of about US$4 billion, and a construction cycle of about 10 years; before the completion of the light water reactors, the United States will provide North Korea with heavy oil as alternative energy, which requires about 500,000 tons per year. These funds will be provided by an international consortium led by the United States including South Korea, Japan and other countries. To summarize, the main content of the agreement is that North Korea will return to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, assume its security obligations under the treaty, agree to resume direct dialogue between North Korea and South Korea, and work with South Korea to implement the Joint Declaration on the Denuclearization of the Peninsula. In response, in addition to providing corresponding economic compensation to North Korea, the United States also promised not to be the first to use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against North Korea, relaxed trade and investment restrictions on North Korea, and agreed to establish diplomatic liaison offices in each other's capitals as soon as possible. The North Korea-US nuclear dispute has a long history. In December 1985, North Korea joined the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, but did not sign the security agreement as scheduled. After the Gulf War, the United States suspected North Korea of possessing nuclear facilities based on satellite photos and asked international agencies to conduct inspections. At that time, North Korea had repeatedly solemnly stated that it had no intention or ability to develop nuclear weapons and resolutely refused inspections, which gave rise to the North Korea-US nuclear dispute. Shortly thereafter, the north and south sides of the peninsula signed the "Joint Declaration on the Denuclearization of the Peninsula." North Korea also signed the "Nuclear Security Agreement" with international agencies and agreed to accept inspections, which eased tensions for a while. From May 1992 to early 1993, North Korea underwent nuclear inspections by the International Atomic Energy Agency many times. However, due to different opinions between the two sides on the results and scope of the inspection, in February 1993, international agencies passed a resolution to conduct mandatory "special inspections" of relevant facilities in North Korea. On March 12, North Korea resolutely announced its withdrawal from the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. Then, the United States and South Korea decided to resume joint military exercises in the "spirit of cooperation", while North Korea declared that the country had entered a paramilitary state, and the situation became tense again. In order to break the deadlock, North Korea requested direct dialogue with the United States, and talks between senior officials of North Korea and the United States began in June 1993. During the two talks, the two sides only reached partial intentions, and the talks failed to make substantive progress. At the critical moment of deadlock, the two sides held the third round of talks in August 1994 and reached four principled agreements on the nuclear issue, which brought a real turning point in the talks. Two months later, the two sides signed a framework agreement to resolve the nuclear issue. The implementation of this agreement will have a positive and far-reaching impact on the situation on the Korean Peninsula and the entire Northeast Asia. First of all, the implementation of the agreement will inevitably lead to the improvement of DPRK-US relations, the withdrawal of U.S. troops stationed in South Korea, and the formal establishment of diplomatic relations between the DPRK and the United States. Secondly, it will play a positive role in eliminating the long-term confrontation and estrangement between the north and south of the Korean Peninsula and promoting the process of independent peaceful reunification of the peninsula.