On this day 154 years ago, March 5, 1871 (January 15, 1871 lunar calendar), the birthday of the Polish female revolutionary Luxemburg. Rosa Luxemburg was born on March 5, 1871, to a Jewish merchant family in Samoshi, Lublin Province, Poland. At the age of two, she moved to the capital Warsaw with her parents. At the Second Girls' School, she was diligent and studious, with excellent grades. At that time, Poland was under the brutal colonial rule of Czarist Russia. The toiling masses, suffering from both national oppression and class oppression, rose up in resistance, demonstrated, went on strike, and went on strike until the bloody clashes on the streets of Warsaw continued. The harsh reality and fiery struggle made Luxemburg increasingly concerned about social issues, linking the fate of the individual with national independence and class liberation. After graduating from high school, she dedicated herself to the Polish revolutionary movement and embarked on the path of a professional revolutionary. In 1889, at the age of only 18, Luxemburg was put on the hunt list by the rulers of Tsarist Russia. She was forced to leave her native country and live in Switzerland, where she began her life as an exiled politician. During the seven years she lived in Switzerland, Luxemburg studied Marxist theory seriously, mastered six or seven languages, met famous Marxist theorists such as Plekhanov, and often attended socialist rallies. In the international forum and in the newspapers of the workers' party, the young female revolutionary attracted attention with her moving speeches and sharp writing. In 1893, Luxemburg and her comrades founded the Polish proletarian party, the Polish Socialist Party (also known as the Social Democratic Party of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania). The magazine "Workers' Cause", edited by her and Malchlewski, was widely circulated among Polish workers and played a major role in the promotion of Marxism. In 1897, Luxemburg graduated from the University of Zurich with a doctorate in law, and soon left Switzerland to move to Germany. From then on, she actively participated in the activities of the German Social Democratic Party, fought against Bernstein's opportunism, and defended the doctrine of the proletarian revolution and the dictatorship of the proletariat. In 1907, at the Stuttgart Congress of the Second International, she fought with Lenin against various opportunist factions; criticized the errors in Bebel's resolution "On the Question of Militarism and War", and proposed the famous Lenin-Luxemburg amendments. Before and after the outbreak of World War I, she was firmly opposed to imperialist war and social chauvinism. On January 15, 1919, she was arrested along with Karl Liebknecht and secretly murdered by the German reactionary government because of a traitor's whistleblower. Lenin compared her to an eagle fighting the sky. "The eagle sometimes flies lower than the chicken, but the chicken can never fly as high as the eagle."