On this day, 52 years ago, on January 8, 1973 (December 5, 1972 lunar calendar), Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was inaugurated as the first president of Bangladesh. On January 8, 1973, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, leader of the East Pakistan Awami League, was inaugurated as the first president of Bangladesh. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (1920/03/17~ 1975/08/15) The political leader of East Pakistan, the founder of Bangladesh, served as the president of Bangladesh and the prime minister of Bangladesh. People Experience Rahman's political career began in 1949 when he was elected as the co-secretary general of the East Bengal, Pakistan Muslim League. In 1953, Rahman was elected as the chairperson and general secretary of the Pakistan Muslim League in East Bengal. Until 1966, he became the chairperson of the party. In December 1970, in Pakistan, President Yahya Khan held the first general election in 13 years. The Awami League, led by Rahman, relied on East Pakistan's demographic advantage. Under the banner of local autonomy, they advocated strengthening provincial power, which was supported by the majority of East Pakistanis. In the 300 general seats in the National Assembly, the Awami League won 160 seats, almost all of the 162 seats allocated to East Pakistan, and became the majority party in the parliament. The BJP became the largest opposition party in the parliament, but the Awami League failed to win a seat in West Pakistan; likewise, the BJP did not win a seat in East Pakistan. In the provincial council elections held 10 days after the National Assembly elections, the Awami League won 280 of the 300 general seats in the East Pakistan Provincial Assembly, while the Pakistan People's Party won 113 of the 180 general seats in the Punjab Provincial Assembly in West Pakistan. However, the Pakistani government soon dissolved the National Assembly, which aroused the indignation of the people of East Pakistan. The Pakistani army carried out a bloody crackdown, arresting Mujib Rahman and putting him in prison. Faced with this situation, India sent troops to the India-Pakistan border to support Bangladesh's demands, which eventually led to an open war between India and Ayub Khan's Pakistan in East Pakistan. The fighting lasted from December 4 to 16, 1971, and Indian troops marched into Dhaka. On the same day, an independent Bangladesh was born, Mujib Rahman was the first president. In Bangladesh's first parliamentary elections, held on March 7, 1973, his Awami League won and he succeeded him as prime minister. However, the severe damage to infrastructure and people's livelihood caused by the war, the loss of weapons and social order out of control, the internal division of the party, the deterioration of the economic situation caused by economic policy mistakes, and the famine that occurred in 1973-1974 led to a powerful anti-government wave in the opposition. All these adverse factors contributed to the political crisis. Rahman was forced to declare a state of emergency on December 28, 1974, suspend the implementation of the basic rights of citizens stipulated in the constitution, and ban all political party associations. On January 25, 1975, on the proposal of Sheikh Mujib Rahman, the National Assembly passed the Fourth Amendment to the Constitution, changing the presidential system, and Sheikh Mujib Rahman became president and monopolized power. However, all these efforts failed to restore the decline. Unable to meet the urgent needs of the people, more and more people turned against the government. On June 6, 1975, Sheikh Mujib Rahman established the Bangladesh Political Party, the People's Union of Peasants and Workers, on the basis of the Awami League, banning opposition parties and imposing one-party rule. A nascent democratic regime was transformed into a personal dictatorship. On the morning of August 15, 1975, he was killed in a military coup and became a martyr for the nascent regime in Bangladesh.