On this day, 95 years ago, on December 30, 1930 (November 11, 1930, the Nobel Prize "Mother of Artemisinin" Tu Youyou was born. Tu Youyou, female, was born on December 30, 1930 in Ningbo, Zhejiang. She is a pharmacist and graduated from Beijing Medical College. Lifelong researcher and chief researcher of China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, director of the Artemisinin Research and Development Center, doctoral supervisor, and Nobel Prize winner in Medicine. Tu Youyou has been engaged in research on traditional Chinese medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for many years, and her outstanding contribution is the creation of new antimalarial drugs artemisinin and dihydroartemisinin. In 1972, a colorless crystal with the molecular formula C15H22O5 was successfully extracted and named artemisinin. In September 2011, he won the Lasker Prize for the discovery of artemisinin, a drug used to treat malaria, which saved millions of lives around the world, especially in developing countries. On October 5, 2015, Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her discovery of artemisinin, a drug that can effectively reduce the mortality rate of malaria patients. She became the first China to win the Nobel Prize in science. Tu Youyou is the first local China scientist to win the Nobel Prize in Science and the first Chinese scientist to win the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine. Character experiences Early experiences On December 30, 1930, Tu Youyou was born in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province. She had heard and witnessed the unique curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine since she was a child. She was deeply impressed by traditional Chinese medicine when she was a child, which prompted her to explore its mysteries later. In 1948, he entered Ningbo Xiaoshi Middle School; in 1950, he entered Ningbo Middle School to study in senior year; In 1951, Tu Youyou was admitted to the Department of Pharmacy at Peking University School of Medicine (now Peking University School of Medicine) as she wished. The major she chose was pharmacognosy, which was lacking in interest at that time. She feels that the major of crude medicine is most likely to be close to exploring the field of traditional Chinese medicine with a long history, which is in line with her interests and ideals. During her four years in college, Tu Youyou studied hard and achieved excellent results. In professional courses, she has a great interest in plant chemistry, herbal medicine and plant taxonomy. Work experience 1955, graduated from Beijing Medical College (Later renamed Beijing Medical University, now Peking University School of Medicine), the Department of Pharmacy was assigned to work in the Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Health (now the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine); from 1959 to 1962, he participated in the third national phase of Western medicine leaving the Ministry of Health to study traditional Chinese medicine; in 1979, he served as an associate researcher at the Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medicine; in 1980, he was hired as a master's supervisor; in 1985, he served as a researcher at the Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medicine. Research experience In 1956, the country set off a climax to prevent and control schistosomiasis. She was interested in the effective drug Lobeliachinensis Lour. Pharmacognosy research was carried out; later, a relatively complex variety of traditional Chinese medicine Yinchaihu (Stellariadichotonia L. var. lanceolata Bge.) was completed. Pharmacognosy research on. These two achievements were successively included in the "Chinese Medicine Annals". 1959-1962 In 2000, I participated in the third national Western medicine leaving the Chinese medicine class of the Ministry of Health, systematically learned the knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine, went deep into the medicinal materials company, learned the identification and processing technology of traditional Chinese medicine from old pharmacists, and participated in the summary of processing experience in Beijing City, thereby gaining a further perceptual understanding of the authenticity and authenticity of medicinal materials, as well as the processing technology. Later, Tu Youyou participated in the research work on traditional Chinese medicine processing assigned by the Ministry of Health and was one of the main editors of the book "Integration of Experience in Chinese Medicine Cannon". The book extensively collects the experience of traditional Chinese medicine processing from 28 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government across the country, and systematically organizes relevant documents. In 1967, seven provinces and cities across the country were organized to carry out research on antimalarial drugs, including Chinese herbal medicines. More than 40,000 compounds and Chinese herbal medicines were screened, but no positive results were obtained. In 1969, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine accepted the task of researching antimalarial drugs, and Tu Youyou was appointed as the leader of the science and technology team. Starting from January 1969, after more than 380 experiments, more than 190 samples, and more than 2000 cards, she consulted a large number of literature, drew on the experience of ancient medication, and designed a variety of extraction methods. Finally, in 1971, an effective antimalarial extract was found in Artemisia annua. In 1972, Tu Youyou and her colleagues extracted a colorless crystal with the molecular formula of C15H22O5 from Artemisia annua, an active ingredient with a melting point of 156¡æ~157¡æ. They named this colorless crystal substance Artemisinin. In 1973, Tu Youyou synthesized dihydroartemisinin to confirm its chemical structure of the hydroxyl group, but at that time she did not know that the chemical she synthesized would later prove to be more effective than natural artemisinin. Much stronger. In March 1977, the paper "A New Sesquiterpene Lactone-Artemisinin" written in the name of the "Collaborative Group on the Structure of Artemisinin" was published in the Scientific Bulletin (No. 3, 1977). In 1975, with the assistance of the Shanghai Institute of Organic Medicine, China Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the stereochemical structure of artemisinin was determined. In 1978, the scientific research results appraisal meeting of the "523" project finally confirmed that the development of artemisinin was successful. In October 1981, at the International Artemisinin Conference hosted by the World Health Organization and others held in Beijing, Tu Youyou delivered a report on "Chemical Research on Artemisinin" as the chief spokesperson. In 1992, in response to the shortcomings of artemisinin's high cost and difficulty in curing malaria, dihydroartemisinin was invented (an "upgraded version" with an anti-malarial efficacy 10 times that of the former). In 2009,"Artemisia annua and Artemisinin Drugs" compiled by Tu Youyou was published.