100 years ago today, on November 2, 1925 (September 16, 1925, the lunar calendar), Sun Chuanfang defeated Feng Jun. Sun Chuanfang, who controlled five provinces. On November 2, 1925, Sun Chuanfang's army and Feng's army fought fiercely in Guzhen, Anhui Province. Both sides invested a large number of elite troops and fought fiercely for several days. The dust was flying and the smoke covered the sky. The Feng army was defeated. On the 8th, Sun Jun occupied Xuzhou and held a celebration meeting. At this point, Sun's army was exhausted and unable to invade the north, and Feng's army did not dare to invade the south. At the end of the month, Sun Chuanfang officially established the five-province coalition army of Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui and Jiangxi in Nanjing, and appointed himself as commander-in-chief of the five-province coalition army and commander-in-chief of Jiangsu. The Zhejiang-Fengzhou War ended after a month of struggle. Sun Chuanfang controlled the five provinces of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi and Fujian. Extended reading: Sun Chuanfang's brief introduction and historical background Extended reading: Sun Chuanfang's brief introduction and historical background Sun Chuanfang (1885-1935), also known as Xinyuan, was born on April 17, 1885 (the first day of March, the 11th year of Guangxu, Qing Dynasty). In 1904, he was selected from the Beiyang Army Accelerated Academy in Baoding to study at the Japanese Army Noncommissioned Officers School, during which time he joined the China Alliance. Graduated in winter 1908. He returned to China in March 1909. After passing the examination by the Army Department of the Qing Dynasty, he was awarded the Infantry Section and assigned to the fifth standard instructor of the Third Association of the Second Town of Beiyang. After the Revolution of 1911, the second town was changed to the second division. Sun Chuanfang followed Wang Zhanyuan's 2nd Division to garrison Hubei, and served successively as commander of the 2nd Division's baggage battalion and commander of the 6th Regiment of the 2nd Division. In 1916, he served as commander of the 3rd Brigade of the Second Division, and was soon promoted to commander of the 21st Mixed Brigade. In 1917, he served as commander of the 1st Division of the Provisional Division of Hubei Province. When the Hunan-Hubei War broke out in 1921, Wang Zhanyuan, the governor of Hubei, resigned, and Hubei came under Wu Peifu's control. Under Wu Peifu's recommendation, Sun Chuanfang was appointed commander-in-chief of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River on August 9, and then appointed commander of the Second Division of the Army on the 28th. He has since become a direct general. After the first Zhifeng War in 1922, he directly controlled the central government. In order to elect Cao Kun as president, direct generals proposed at the Baoding Conference to restore legal system first and unify the country. On May 15, Sun Chuanfang sent a telegram proposing that to consolidate the Republic of China, it is advisable to first unify the legal system, convene the old parliament, and request Li Yuanhong to be restored. On the 28th, he called the Guangdong Law Enforcement Military Government, asking Sun Yat-sen and Xu Shichang to leave the field at the same time. Sun Chuanfang's electricity supply serves as a guide for the direct line. In October 1922, a war broke out in Fujian to expel Fujian Governor Li Houji. Sun Chuanfang was ordered by Cao Kun and Wu Peifu to lead his army from Hubei to Fujian via Jiangxi. On March 19, 1923, he served as Fujian Military Affairs Supervisor. In March 1924, Sun Chuanfang and Zhou Yinren, commander of the 12th Division, used a surprise attack to oust Wang Yongquan, the Fujian deputy who held real power. On May 13, Sun Chuanfang was appointed as the Fujian and Guangdong border defense supervisor. Cao Kun asked him to attack Guangdong, but Sun Chuanfang wanted to develop into Zhejiang. On June 16, Sun Chuanfang called Cao Kun and Wu Peifu. On the one hand, he talked about the strategy of attacking Guangdong, and on the other hand, he asked for 3 million yuan in military pay and 5 million rounds of bullets. Because Cao Kun and Wu Peifu could not provide salaries and bullets at once, the plan to attack Guangdong had to be abandoned. On September 3, 1924, the Jiangsu and Zhejiang War broke out. Sun Chuanfang led his army across Xianxia Ridge to attack the back of the Zhejiang Army. Due to infighting in the Second Division of the Zhejiang Army, Lu Yongxiang was forced to abandon Zhejiang and move the General Command of the Zhejiang-Shanghai Joint Forces to Longhua, Shanghai. On September 17, Sun Chuanfang served as the patrol envoy of Fujian and Zhejiang and the supervisor of Zhejiang military affairs. Due to the ineffective combat of the Zhejiang army, Sun Chuanfang's army was able to advance in and occupied Jiaxing, Zhejiang on September 25. On October 12, they occupied Longhua, Shanghai. Lu Yongxiang announced his retirement and the Jiangsu and Zhejiang War ended. In this battle, Sun Chuanfang not only gained territory in Zhejiang, which was rich in products, but also incorporated 4 divisions and 1 mixed brigade, becoming a major warlord with military strength and territory. The Second Zhifeng War in 1924 ended in direct defeat. Duan Qirui entered Beijing to establish a temporary ruling office. Sun Chuanfang immediately called to express his support for the Duan government. On December 11, 1924, Duan Qirui ordered the removal of Qi Xieyuan's direct line from his post as Jiangsu Governor, and secretly ordered Chen Leshan to go to Songjiang to resume his post as commander of the Fourth Division. This aroused Sun Chuanfang's doubts and believed that this was not conducive to his rule in Zhejiang. On January 2, 1925, he led his army to capture Songjiang and approach Shanghai. On January 5 and 6, successive telegrams were sent to oppose the Feng army's southward movement, and together with Qi Xieyuan, he organized a joint army of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Sun Chuanfang was appointed commander-in-chief of the second route of the coalition army. On the 11th, two armies attacked and occupied Shanghai. On the 13th, Suzhou was occupied again. On January 14, 1925, Sun Chuanfang and Qi Xieyuan jointly sent a telegram: they were willing to withdraw all garrisons in the two provinces in the Shanghai area, abolish the names of military guards and garrison envoys, and oppose the establishment of such military posts in the future. On the 15th, Duan Qirui ordered the abolition of the Songhu Guard Envoy and made Shanghai an area where no troops would be stationed or military organs would be set up. On the 16th, Sun Chuanfang was appointed to supervise the aftermath of Zhejiang's military affairs. On January 17, 1925, the Feng army occupied Zhenjiang and soon conquered Wuxi and Shanghai. On the 28th, Qi Xieyuan telephoned off the field and fled to Japan, and his troops were received by Sun Chuanfang. On February 3, Sun and Feng signed a peace pact on non-aggression between Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. On the 5th, Sun's army completely withdrew from Shanghai, but the Feng army had no sincerity in withdrawing troops at all, so Shanghai was under the control of the Feng army. On February 12, 1928, Zhang Zuolin appointed Sun Chuanfang as Shandong Supervisor. In April, the Nanjing National Government launched the Northern Expedition again, and Sun's army retreated one after another. On the evening of April 30, Sun Chuanfang crossed the Yellow River and fled north. On June 3, Sun Diandian resigned. At this time, only two divisions of his troops were left retreating to Tianjin. On the 15th, Sun Chuanfang's troops refused to pass out and surrendered to Yan Xishan. Sun Chuanfang's force was thus completely gone. After Sun Chuanfang fled to Shenyang, he joined Zhang Xueliang as a member of the Northeast Security Committee, which had no real power. In January 1929, he lived in seclusion in Dalian. He moved to Tianjin after the September 18th Incident in 1931. In April 1934, Sun organized Buddhist Jushilin in Tianjin and served as his chairman. On November 13, 1935, he was shot and killed by Shi Congbin's daughter Shi Jianqiao in Jushilin. He was 51 years old.