248 years ago today, December 23, 1777 (November 24, 1777 in the lunar calendar), the birth of Alexander I, the Janus god of Russian history. In the early 19th century, Tsar Alexander I, the overlord of the Holy Alliance of Counter-Revolution of European monarchs, was born on December 23, 1777. He grew up in the court of his grandmother Catherine II when he was a child. He was deeply influenced by Catherine II and developed a hypocritical and cruel character. During his reign, in order to save the dying tsarist system, he used swords to publicize the country's prestige to the outside world, and on the other hand, he used "freedom" and "seeking welfare for the public" to win over people's hearts at home. He has a vicious heart, but on the surface he is gentle and full of liberal words. A British historian called him "the Janus of Russian history" and in Pushkin's writings, he was "a weak and cunning monarch." Alexander ascended the throne by killing his father. His father, Paul I, implemented a policy of uniting France and anti-Britain, which touched the interests of the Russian aristocrats. Some aristocrats and the Guards conspired to force Paul I to abdicate, and told the Crown Prince Alexander of the plan, expressing his determination to kill Paul I. Alexander immediately agreed. Paul I was killed. The next day, the tsar's court announced that he had died of a stroke, and Alexander was succeeded as Alexander I. After Alexander I ascended the throne, he established a "committee of close friends", or "informal committee", claiming to "make a good law that will become a source of national happiness." The committee issued a decree on December 12, 1801, giving merchants, petty citizens, and government immigrants the right to purchase uninhabited land, but failed due to opposition from the aristocrats. Government institutional reform was also carried out, establishing eight ministries, including the Army, Navy, Foreign Affairs, and Internal Affairs, and strengthening the centralization of the central government. Externally, they organized an anti-French alliance twice, served as the leader of the alliance, and defeated Napoleon. On this basis, in 1815, they initiated the establishment of a "sacred alliance" among Russia, Prussia and Austria, serving as the overlord of the counter-revolutionary alliance and suppressing European bourgeois revolutions. As a result, monarchs were restored one after another in European countries, creating an extremely dark and reactionary period in European history. Alexander I died of illness on November 9, 1825. Alexandria is Egypt's largest seaport and a historic city. A summer resort along the Mediterranean coast, known as the "Pearl of the Mediterranean". It is located west of the mouth of the Nile River, about 200 kilometers away from the capital Cairo. The city is more than 30 kilometers long from east to west, and the narrowest point from north to south is less than 2 kilometers. Facing the vast sea, leaning against the sparkling Lake of Meryut. The climate is mild and the seasons are like spring. In 332 BC, during the rule of Alexander I, King of Macedonia of Greece, this city was established and named after him, making it the capital. Alexandria is now Egypt's transportation and industrial center and is known as Egypt's second capital. The national emblem of Russia, a double-headed eagle holding the golden ball and scepter