On this day, 82 years ago, January 2, 1943 (November 26, 1942, the Japanese army occupied Manila, the capital of the Philippines. On December 8, 1941, just ten hours after Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, the Japanese army launched an attack on the Philippines under U.S. control. On January 2, 1942, they occupied Manila, and about 70,000 people became Japanese prisoners of war. The Japanese army escorted these prisoners of war to a prisoner of war camp more than 100 kilometers away. The entire situation was tragic. History called the "Bataan Death March." During the entire march, the prisoners of war were given a rice ball only at the beginning of the march. After that, the prisoners of war were not allowed to drink and eat along the way. Anyone who tried to find water and food was executed by the Japanese army with a bayonet or shot. More than 10,000 prisoners of war died of hunger and thirst or were executed by the Japanese army along the way. Within two months after arriving at the prison camp, another 26,000 prisoners of war were tortured to death by the Japanese army. At the end of the Pacific War in World War II in February 1945, the Japanese army was retreating in the South Pacific islands. When it withdrew from the Philippine capital of Manila, a massacre that lasted for a month until the US military regained Manila on February 23. The total number of Filipinos massacred reached more than 100,000, with an average of 3,000 people killed every day. The most appalling was the killing of 994 Filipino children at the University of Sao Paulo. By September 1945, when Japan announced its surrender, more than one million Filipino soldiers and civilians had died in the war.