731 years ago today, June 11, 1294 (May 17, 1294, the 1294 lunar calendar), the British philosopher and alchemist Roger Bacon passed away. Roger Bacon (1214-June 11, 1294, 725 years ago) was an English philosopher and alchemist. He was knowledgeable, his books covered various types of knowledge known at the time, and he was very familiar with scientific progress in the Arab world. Advocate empiricism and advocate obtaining knowledge through experimentation. Roger Bacon's birth time cannot be determined. In his work written in 1267, he said that "it has been 40 years since I first came into contact with the alphabet." It is certain that he entered Oxford at the age of 13, so the researchers assumed that he did not know the alphabet before entering Oxford., thus presuming that his birth time was 1214. Otherwise, his birth time would have been around 1220. Bacon's family was relatively wealthy, but during the reign of Henry III, many of the family's property was looted and some family members were deported. There is no evidence that Bacon received his doctorate at Oxford University, but he worked as a teacher at Oxford, teaching Aristotle's thoughts. In 1241 he went to France to teach at the University of Paris. In 1247, he returned to Oxford University, purchased many books and instruments, declined social and academic activities, and began his own research. He joined the Franciscans around 1253. Bacon's scientific education and his own research led him to see many of the flaws in the academic debate at the time: no teachers understood Greek, allowing them to understand Aristotle's thoughts only through poor translations. Physics does not study through experiments, as Aristotle advocated, but rather disputes classics. Bacon, who witnessed all this, opposed such empty arguments, advocated the importance of experimentation, and out of his blunt personality, he everywhere preached what he believed was the right method, lashing out at what he disagreed, which caused him a lot of trouble. In 1256, Richard of Cornwall, whom Bacon had always criticized, became the head of the Franciscans in England. Soon after, Bacon was transferred to a monastery in France. For the next ten years, he could only communicate with his friends by writing letters. Bacon wrote to Gui Faucoile Gros (later Pope Clement IV), who was interested in Bacon's teachings and asked him to provide a detailed paper. Bacon hesitated about this request, considering the Franciscan Order's rule that one's work should not be disseminated outside the Order without permission. After Gui Faucoile Gros became Pope, he urged Bacon to ignore the rules and secretly write a book to him. Bacon obeyed the instructions and wrote the "Grand Works", which dealt with rhetoric, logic, mathematics, physics and philosophy, which was sent to the Pope in 1267. In the same year, he continued to write the "Little Works", a summary of "The Great Works". In 1268, he wrote a brief comprehensive version of "The Third Works" written to prevent the loss of the first two works, and sent them to King Clement IV. This book covers various academic disciplines at the time and truly explains the methods of scientific research. However, Bacon did not elaborate on every topic in detail, but only wrote an outline for future expansion. Unfortunately, the Pope died in 1268 and did not see this work. Bacon was under house arrest by the Franciscans for more than ten years since 1278, spreading alchemy to the Arab world, and died shortly after being released from prison.