On January 3, 2004 (December 12, 2003 in the lunar calendar), the US "Spirit" rover successfully landed on the surface of Mars. On January 3, 2004, the US "Spirit" twin rovers successfully landed in the Gusev crater in the southern hemisphere of Mars. One of them was called "Spirit". "Spirit" landed on the surface of Mars by means of cushioning airbags, which are huge spherical cushioning devices that can bounce several times in the microgravity environment of the Martian surface and stop. NASA scientists designed an automatic correction function for it, which can ensure that the cushioning device of the rover stops after bouncing several times, and keeps the rover in a positive state. " Spirit is 1.6 meters long, 2.3 meters wide, 1.5 meters high, and weighs 174 kilograms. Its "brain" is a computer that can perform about 20 million commands per second, inside the rover's body. The "neck" and "head" are a mast-like structure protruding from the rover, about 1.4 meters above the base of the rover's wheels, and are equipped with a pair of panoramic cameras that can take color pictures of the Martian surface as "eyes". Spirit's solar panels face the sun, ensuring that it has enough energy for scientific expeditions throughout the winter in the southern hemisphere of Mars. As a result, the life of the solar panels is greatly extended, and the energy absorption is very good, providing a crucial and sufficient power source for scientific expeditions. " The landing of Spirit on Mars belongs to one of NASA's Mars Exploration Rover programs. Spirit was launched in June 2003 and stopped its exploration mission in May 2011. During its nearly 10-year roaming of the Martian surface, it made many significant discoveries. During this period, Spirit photographed the "inner basin" and "Columbia Mountains" of Gusev Crater, as well as the 360-degree view of Gusev Crater. This photo was named "McMurdo" by NASA and released to the world.