Battle of Talas(Arabic: ????? ??? ???? ), also known as Battle of Talosor Battle of Danos¡£It was a battle caused by the encounter between the forces of the Tang Dynasty during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty in China and the forces from the emerging Abbasid Dynasty (i.e. Black Shiba), which was now Arab, emerging and believed in Shiites in Central Asian countries including the nine surnames of Zhao and Wu, the Daxiao Bolu, and the Tocharia. Battle of TalasIt was a direct collision between the most powerful Eastern and Western empires in history at that time.

In the early 8th century, China was at the peak of the Tang Dynasty - the Kaiyuan Dynasty. At this time, the Tang Dynasty reached the peak of national power, and the only contender was the Arab Empire. The Arab Empire, through the efforts of the Prophet Muhammad and the four orthodox caliphs, established a large empire spanning three continents. At the beginning of the 8th century, the supreme ruler of the Arab Empire in the East, Hajaj bin Yusuf, promised his two generals, Muhammad and the ancient Taibai ibn Muslim, who first set foot on Chinese territory, to be appointed as the ruler of China. So the former conquered the frontiers of India, and the latter conquered large parts of Central Asia, but neither could cross the borders of China. In the third and fifth years of Kaiyuan, Tukushi, Tubo, and the Arabian army launched two wars against the four towns of Anxi, both of which were repelled. The failure of the two wars temporarily stopped the eastward advance of the Arab Empire.

At this time, the Tang Dynasty still had Tubo, a powerful opponent in the west, threatening the empire's rule in the Western Regions. However, Gao Xianzhi's two long-distance raids in the sixth year of Tianbao (AD 747) and the ninth year of AD 750 initially solved this problem. It also made Gao Xianzhi, a descendant of Koguryeo, famous in the Western Regions and became the governor of the four towns of the Western Regions. The expansion of the Tang Dynasty in Central Asia also reached its peak. At the same time, a revolution took place in the Arab Empire. In 750, the Abbasid Dynasty (the flag was still black, but in China history it was called Black Daya) replaced the Umayyad Dynasty (the flag was still white, but in China history it was called White Daya). Gao Xianzhi plans to take advantage of this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity of changing food and rebellion in the river to cut off the wings of the Arabian tribes and gradually restore the sovereignty of the Tang Dynasty in the areas beyond the mountains. As a result, a small country in the Western Regions named Stone State became a victim. In 750, the Tang Dynasty ruled that the Shiguo, a vassal state in the Western Regions, had "no vassal courtesy." Gao Xianzhi, the governor of Anxi in the Tang Dynasty, led the army. The Shiguo requested to surrender, and Gao Xianzhi promised peace. Soon, Gao Xianzhi broke his promise, captured and massacred the cities of Shiguo, kidnapped men, killed the elderly, women and children, searched for property, and captured the king of Shiguo. In the first month of 751, Gao Xianzhi entered the court and presented the captured king to Xuanzong. He was awarded the title of General Youyu Linwei for his illustrious military exploits, and beheaded the king of Shiguo. The prince of the Stone Kingdom, who narrowly escaped, then asked the Abbasid Dynasty of Arabia for help. Arab reinforcements planned to attack the four towns in the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty. Gao Xianzhi took the initiative to attack Arab. Gao Xianzhi led the Pan-Khan coalition army on a long-distance attack and finally encountered the Arab army at Talas. To establish hegemony in Central Asia, the Tang Dynasty had to defeat the Arabs, and to fully control Central Asia, the Arabs had to defeat the Tang Dynasty's challenge. A big battle is inevitable.

Gao Xianzhi has always been a general who is good at long-distance raids, approaches his opponents unexpectedly, and quickly defeats the enemy in one fell swoop. This time he led the Pankhan coalition of more than 30,000 long-distance raids, more than 700 miles deep, and reached the city of Talas. The exact location of Talas cannot be verified now. At this time, the Abbasid Dynasty was also actively preparing for war, and had prepared to defend the city before the Tang army arrived. On July 27, 751, the Tang army had no choice but to besiege the city and attack. Sun Tzu once said, "If you go to the army to fight, you will be attacked next, and then you will be attacked, and the siege method is a last resort." Attacking the city consumed a lot of vital power and easily depleted morale. The Tang army could not attack for a long time. Taking this opportunity, the elite soldiers of the Arab army rushed to the city of Talas to complete the encirclement of the Tang army.

War changed from siege warfare to field warfare. The infantry formations on both sides were on par. The Arabs 'advantage lies in their absolute superiority in cavalry and soldiers. Coupled with the weather and geographical location, they also have absolute advantages in logistics and intelligence. Also, they are soldiers. The Arab soldiers are fanatical about religion and firmly believe that after death for the Holy War, they will be promoted to the Kingdom of Allah. On the other hand, the Tang army mostly used generous rewards to stimulate morale. The Tang army, who worked hard on the expedition, was obviously inferior to the Arabs in terms of morale and spiritual support. Even so, the Tang army still suppressed the Arab army at the beginning of the battle. This originated from the Tang army's secret weapon-crossbows. With the strong bows and crossbows, as well as Gao Xianzhi's more than 20,000 elite troops from the Anxi Protectorate, the Tang army once suppressed the Arab army, but its numerical disadvantage could not allow it to defeat its opponent. On the fifth day of the battle, the war situation took a major turn. Gao Xianzhi's allied forces in the Western Turks turned to the Abbasid Dynasty and cut off the connection between the Tang army's infantry and cavalry. The Tang army's formation was in chaos. Under this situation, the Arab army gave full play to its cavalry mobile advantages and rushed into the Tang army's formation, which immediately collapsed. At the time of power, deputy general Li Siye advised Gao Xianzhi to abandon his army and escape. Therefore, Gao Xianzhi, deputy general Li Siye, and other general Duan Xiushi gathered the remnants of his troops and fled towards Anxi. On the way, it happened that the Bahanna soldiers of the Tang coalition forces also fled here, and the roads were crowded with soldiers and vehicles. Li Siye was afraid that the Arab pursuers would come, so he killed more than a hundred Bahan soldiers before being able to pass first. Don't blame Duan Xiushi for Li Siye and said: "Running away in fear of the enemy is not courage; it is not benevolence to avoid falling into the crowd. "Li Siye was very ashamed. In the end, Gao Xianzhi and others and thousands of Tang soldiers fled to Anxi.

After this battle, the Tang army's military strength in Anxi was greatly reduced and it lost control in Central Asia. Almost at the same time, the Tang Dynasty's military operations in Nanzhao and Khitan failed miserably, and the Central Asian affiliated states began to fall to the Arab Empire. In the 14th year of Tianbao, the Anshi Rebellion occurred. Gao Xianzhi was also killed in this turmoil because Xuanzong listened to the calumny of eunuchs. However, the Arab Empire also suffered heavy losses after this battle. Realizing the strong resistance to the eastward advance, coupled with the rise of Tubo, which formed a barrier between Tang and Arab States, the Eastern Governor and his generals who won the Battle of Talas were killed for their high merits. The Arab Empire never sent troops eastward. Coincidentally, there were many craftsmen in the Tang army who were captured by the Arabs during the Battle of Talas. They brought papermaking, the four great inventions of ancient China, to the Arab region and introduced it from Arabia to Europe. The western spread of papermaking brought dawn for Europe to emerge from the darkness of the Middle Ages and brought a major turning point for the progress of world civilization.