On this day, 122 years ago, June 25, 1903 (May 1, 1903 in the lunar calendar), George Orwell, British writer and author of "1984", was born. George Orwell (June 25, 1903-January 21, 1950) was a famous British novelist, journalist and social commentator. His masterpiece "Animal Farm" and "Eighty-Four" are classic anti-totalitarian classics, of which "Eighty-Four" is one of the most influential English novels of the 20th century. Born in 1903 in British colony India, he heard and witnessed the sharp conflict between colonists and colonized people in his childhood. Unlike the vast majority of British children, his sympathy leans towards the miserable Indian people. As a boy, Orwell was educated at the famous Eton College. Later, he was sent to Myanmar to serve as a police officer, but he sided with the penal labourers. In the 1930s, he participated in the Spanish Civil War and was ostracized because he belonged to the Trotsky faction (Fourth International). After returning to China, he was forced to go into exile in France because he was classified as the left. During World War II, he worked on anti-fascist propaganda for the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). In 1950, he died of lung disease that had plagued him for several years. He was only 46 years old. George Orwell's life was short, but he used keen insight and sharp writing to examine and record the era he lived in, and made many predictions beyond the times. He was called "the cold conscience of a generation." Character's life In 1903, George Orwell was born in the family of a lower-level government official in Motanheli (Motihari), Pengar Province (Bengal), British India. His father worked in the Opium Bureau of the Governor-General's House of India, and his family was not well-off. Orwell claimed that his family belonged to "the upper middle class and lower, that is, a middle-class family without money." In 1904, he returned to England with his mother to settle. In 1905, except for his father, who was still working in the Opium Bureau of the Governorate of India, the family returned to Henry, Oxford, England. In 1911, due to his inability to attend an aristocratic school, Orwell had to enter a second-rate private boarding school, St. Cyprian's Preparatory School. The boarding school had many characteristics of a totalitarian society, such as whip education, hierarchy, bullying, standardization, anti-intelligence, etc. School life has a great impact on his future character. In 1914, 11-year-old Orwell first published a poem "Wake Up, British Boys" in a local newspaper. In 1917, Orwell relied on his own efforts to obtain a scholarship and entered Eton College, the most famous middle school in Britain. However, his background as a poor student made him suffer discrimination. His early experiences had an extremely important influence on his sympathy for the bottom of society, his call for equality and the formation of the emancipation of human nature, and his understanding of totalitarianism. In 1921, Orwell, who graduated from Eton College, was unable to apply for Oxford or Cambridge Scholarship due to his mediocre grades. His family's financial situation was unable to support him for further studies. He had to apply for a civil service examination and joined the British colonial police in Myanmar. He served for five years. As a British police officer, he enjoyed many privileges and was able to observe trials, flogging, imprisonment and strangulation of prisoners up close. This experience allowed him to carefully observe the brutal side of human nature; reflect on Western colonial policies; and further understand totalitarianism. His experience in Myanmar made him realize the evil side of colonialism and he left the colonial police force. In 1927, Orwell, who left public office, returned to the UK and began a four-year wandering life. During these four years, he traveled around the British island and mainland Europe, deep into the bottom of society, working as a hotel dishwasher, teacher, bookstore clerk and docker, but his upper-class identity and the aristocratic accent he developed at Eton College made it difficult for him to be truly accepted by the bottom of society. However, the experience of this period still made him deeply feel the pressure of society as a whole on individuals and the general social injustice, and finally accepted the socialist idea. Orwell himself once mentioned that "a life of poverty and a feeling of failure strengthened my natural hatred of authority and made me realize for the first time the existence of the working class." In 1928, he began his writing career. In order to collect materials, he went deep into the bottom of the world and lived a poor life in Paris and London. He worked as a kitchen helper in a luxury hotel in Paris and then as an agricultural helper in Kent, England. These life experiences were later written into "The Fall and Fall of Paris and London"; In 1929, his pension was stolen, he worked in a Russian restaurant, and asked a friend in London to find a job. In 1930, he returned to London. Working in Cantershire as a job picking hubu (a spice), as a tutor, or as a bookstore clerk, keeps changing jobs. In 1933, he published his debut novel "Down and Out in Paris and London" under the pseudonym of George Orwell. In 1934, when "Burmese Days", a novel based on the Burmese experience, was published in New York, no British publisher was willing to accept manuscripts. In 1935, the novel "AClergyman's Daughter" was published by Gollands Press. A few months later,"The Myanmar Years" finally launched a British edition, published by Gollands Publishing House. In 1936, the novel "Keep the Aspidistra Flying" was published. It attracted the attention of then-critic Compton Makenji. Writing for magazines such as Yardelphi. At the request of Biktor Gorlands, he went to Sheffield, Manchester, Rees, Wigan and other coal mining industrial cities in the north in January to observe the lives and unemployment of workers in the recession. In June, he married Irene O'Sulanci, left London, moved to Harvardshire, where he wrote and ran a grocery store. In July, the Spanish Civil War broke out. At the end of the year, he and his wife Irene went to Spain to join the International Volunteer Army to defend the Republic. In December 1936, with the support of Seck Publishing House, he went to Barcelona to report on the Spanish Civil War. Later, he joined the Civil Army of the United Labour Party. After experiencing life at the bottom of society, Orwell became one of thousands of international volunteers to join the Republican Army led by the Spanish Communist Party to support the anti-Franco Spanish Civil War. A few months later, he had to return to China to recuperate because he was shot in the throat. During this short period of time, he saw the power struggle and purges within the international column led by the Communist International. The Marxist United Workers 'Party of Barcelona, which accepted Orwell, was recognized by the Communist International as a Trotskyist organization. Stalin ordered the elimination of the Marxist United Workers' Party and sent political police agents, experts in hunting for heresy and cleansing, and military instructors to Spain to establish a rule of terror in the Republican Army. The Orwells are described as "fanatical Trotskyists" and are of course closely monitored. The room of his wife Eilyn was searched by the Spanish Communist Party, and a batch of information he had kept was confiscated. What is even more terrifying is that within the Republican Army, injured members of the Malaysian Labor Party were still arrested, even children and amputees were not spared, including Orwell himself who was hunted down by the Republican Army after retreating to Barcelona. Stalinist totalitarianism, in which power and domination were omnipresent and no individual will existed, reinforced Orwell's belief in socialism, or rather democratic socialism. Orwell wrote that "the Spanish Civil War and the events of 1936 to 1937 changed the tide, and since then I have known where I stand. Since 1936, every serious line I have written has been directed or indirect against totalitarianism and in support of democratic socialism as I understand it." In 1937, The Road to Wigan Pier was published. In June, he was injured on the front line, was shot in the throat, and returned to England to recuperate. In 1938,"Homageto Catalonia" was published, which covered the Spanish Civil War, especially the fighting between leftist factions within the International Volunteer Army. In 1939, World War II broke out. Many times he signed up to join the army, but was rejected because he failed the physical examination. Later, he joined the Domestic Guard. "Come on for a breather" written before the war was published. In 1941, he hosted broadcasts to India for the British Broadcasting Corporation. In 1943, he served as literary editor of the Labor Party publication "Forum" and wrote the column "Let me please". He started writing "Animal Farm" in November. After the full-scale outbreak of World War II, Orwell was hired by the BBC to report on the war. In 1944, Orwell, who experienced the Spanish Civil War and the Anti-Fascist War, wrote the book "Animal Farm". In 1945, he served as a war correspondent for the Observer in Europe in the late wartime period. Irene died of illness while Orwell was interviewing in Germany. After the publication of "Animal Farm", life began to be prosperous due to the large royalties. He moved to an island on the west coast of Scotland to live, continued to write for the "Tribune" and other newspapers, and began to write "Nineteen Eighty-Four". In 1948,"Eighty-Four" was completed, but the title only reversed the year's "4th" into "8th". Health deteriorated. In 1949, he married Sonia Brauner. "Eighty-Four" was published. Due to the confrontation between East and West in history, George Orwell's works are often regarded as synonymous with anti-Soviet and anti-communist, and are therefore banned in some socialist countries such as the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. According to data declassified by the National Archives of the United Kingdom on September 4, 2007, Orwell was closely monitored by MI5 and the Metropolitan Police Department's Special Section from 1929 to January 1950 due to suspected communist connections. He died of lung disease at the age of 47.